chapter 9: Principles of Computer Operations: Following Instructions – Flashcards
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Computers only execute instructions; therefore, rerunning a program with the same data produces exactly the same result every time.
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True
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Computer memory is divided into bytes of 9 bits.
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False
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Every memory location in the computer is numbered, starting at 0.
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True
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Each byte in memory is limited in size.
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True
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A megabyte is exactly one million bytes.
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False
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The ADD instruction adds the values, not the address numbers of the memory locations.
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True
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The ability to store different values in its memory locations makes the computer a flexible tool.
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True
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A single device driver will generally work with several different peripheral devices.
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False
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Due to its simplistic design, Microsoft's Vista operating system reportedly contained fewer than 4,000 lines of program code when it was released in 2007.
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False
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Starting a computer is called booting.
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True
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Android, an open source OS, and Apple's iOS are examples of operating systems for mobile devices.
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True
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Miniaturization is the biggest achievement of microchip technology.
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False
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A passage is the path in a semiconductor where electricity travels.
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False
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A field effect transistor is a connector between two wires that can be controlled to allow a charge to flow between the wires (conduct) or not.
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True
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The fear of computers taking over the world has died down since the 1950s and 1960s.
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True
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A common visualization of computer memory is:
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A series of boxes (like mailboxes)
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In the Fetch/Execute Cycle, the action of retrieving the instruction's operands from memory occurs during the:
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Data Fetch (DF) step
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The hardware implementation of the Fetch/Execute Cycle is/are the:
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control unit
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The peripheral used by the computer for both input and output is the:
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hard disk
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Computer instructions are:
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4 bytes long
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The program counter keeps track of the:
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next instruction in the control unit
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In the Fetch/Execute Cycle, the action of retrieving a machine instruction from the memory address given by the program counter occurs during the:
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Instruction Fetch (IF) step
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On the computer, one billion clock ticks per second is called:
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gigahertz
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A program form directly executable by a computer is the:
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binary object file (binary)
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A computer system's software stack:
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features layers of software of increasing complexity
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In the Fetch/Execute Cycle, the action of determining which operation is to be performed and computing the addresses of the operands occurs during the:
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Instruction Decode (ID) step
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Which of the following is not controlled by the operating system?
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high-level language conversion to binary
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The advantage of integration in creating integrated circuits is that:
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costs do not increase as wiring complexity increases
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In the Fetch/Execute Cycle, the action of performing a machine instruction occurs during the:
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Instruction Execute (EX) step
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The lowest programming language that humans use is:
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assembly
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Which of the following is not an operating system?
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assembly
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Management of a computer's hardware is done with:
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an operating system
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How many steps are a part of the Fetch/Execute cycle?
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5
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The next instruction in a Fetch/Execute cycle must be at the memory address:
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PC+4
