Chapter 8: Supporting Your Ideas – Flashcards
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The materials used to support a speaker's ideas.
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Supporting Materials
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What are the three major kinds of supporting materials?
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-Examples -Statistics -Testimony
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A specific case used to illustrate or to represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences
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Example
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A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point
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Brief Example
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A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
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Extended Example
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An example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation
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Hypothetical Example
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Numerical date
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Statistics
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The average value of a group of numbers
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Mean
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The middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest
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Median
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The number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers
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Mode
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Quotations or paraphrases used to support a point
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Testimony
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Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields
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Expert Testimony
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Testimony from ordinary people with first-hand experience or insight on a topic
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Peer Testimony
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Testimony that is presented word for word
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Direct Quotation
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To restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own words
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Paraphrase
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Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it
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Quoting Out of Context
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Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements
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False
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The skillful use of supporting materials is closely related to critical thinking
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True
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The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are:
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Statistics, examples, and testimony.
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A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like
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Example
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Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech
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True
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A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation
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True
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A(n) ____________ example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point
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Brief
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According to your textbook, a(n) ____________ example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
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Extended
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You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience
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False
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The impact of an extended example often depends as much on the speaker's delivery as on the content of the example
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True
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The ____________ is the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers
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Mode
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What is the median in the following set of numbers: 500, 600, 650, 700, 750?
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650
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The term for the statistical measure popularly known as the "average" is the ____________.
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Mean
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The main purpose of using statistics in a speech is to make the speech more vivid
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False
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According to your textbook, if you quoted your sixteen-year-old niece on the impact of media violence on high-school students, you would be using ____________ testimony
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Peer
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Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical
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Statistics
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In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech.
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False
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When using statistics in a speech, you should
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-Round off complicated statistics. -Identify the sources of your statistics. -Use statistics sparingly.
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According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?
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Expert Testimony
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To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to
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Paraphrase
