question

which of the following would most sociologists consider deviant?

answer

Anything that violates accepted social norms Violating group norms, whether the behavior is legal or illegal

question

Which of the following would be considered social norms?

answer

a company dress code sports rules friends' ideas about how you should behave

question

Which of the following are considered deviant behavior in the Unites States?

answer

drinking an entire bottle of vodka in one evening stealing a car is against the law because it is considered deviant behavior chewing gum while giving a political speech

question

Erving Goffman coined the term_____ to describe the labels society uses to devalue members of certain social groups.

answer

stigma

question

The impact of stigmas on a society is that they

answer

devalue members of certain social groups

question

Even though physical and behavioral characteristics stigmatized people, oftentimes high technology crimes do not. Which of the following are socially tolerated forms of deviance?

answer

file sharing pirating DVDs and motions pictures copying software to a computer without a license

question

_____ are penalties and rewards related to social norms

answer

sanctions

question

If we violate social norms, we may face punishment through informal or formal

answer

santions

question

Social control can be best described as the techniques and strategies for preventing _______ behavior in any group or society.

answer

deviant

question

The social psychologists _____ _____ made a useful distinction between conformity and obedience.

answer

Stanley Milgram

question

The social psychologists Stanley Milgram used the term conformity to mean

answer

going along with peers who have no authority to control our behavior.

question

Recruits who enter military service typically ____ to habits and language of other recruits and ______ the orders of superior officers.

answer

conform; obey

question

Historically, legal measures aimed at blocking discrimination based on race, religion, gender, age, and sexual orientation were difficult to implement because many people tacitly encouraged the _____ of such measures

answer

violation

question

Which of the following are considered deviant behavior in the United States?

answer

stealing a car drinking an entire bottle of vodka in one evening chewing gum while giving a political speech

question

The failure to behave according to society's norms can result in which of the following?

answer

fines fear and ridicule jail sentences

question

Which of the following behaviors are examples of informal social control?

answer

Laughing at someone's joke Making fun of someone who has demonstrated bad behavior

question

Spanking children by parents, which is widely accepted in the United States and in many other countries, is a type of

answer

informal social control

question

Formal social control is used to encourage _____ and _____ and to discourage violations of social norms.

answer

conformity; obedience

question

Some sociologists see laws as

answer

changing standards of right and wrong, how violations are determined, and what sanctions should be applied

question

sociologists view law as a process of ______ standards of right and wrong and how, and to what degree, violators should be punished.

answer

evolving

question

According to _____ theorists, socialization develops our self-control so well that we do not need too further pressure to obey social norms.

answer

control

question

____ and ____ theorists argue that the most powerful groups within a society can shape laws and standards to suit their own perspectives, whereas ____ theorists argue that standards of deviant behavior reflect cultural norms

answer

conflict; labeling; functionalist

question

Emile Durkheim suggested that punishment within a culture help define acceptable behavior and thus contribute to social ____.

answer

stability

question

According to sociologists, deviant behavior occurs because of genetic disposition.

answer

False

question

Conflict labeling funtional

answer

Agents of social control and other powerful groups can decide who is deviant to serve themselves Defining deviance emphasizes reactions to individual behavior Standards of deviant behavior reflect cultural norms

question

According to most functionalists, deviance is

answer

a common part of human existence and helps define limits of proper behavior

question

The term crime refers to a violation of a ____.

answer

law

question

Which of the following are examples of white-collar crimes?

answer

corruption tax fraud stock manipulation

question

_______ theory is also called the societal-reaction approach.

answer

Labeling

question

Organized crime is

answer

the work of a group that regulates among criminal enterprises involved in illegal activities.

question

List the ways that organized crime infiltrates a society.

answer

It can take over a legitimate business. It gains influence over labor unions. It is like a large corporation only illegal. It can offer protection to merchants in exchange for so-called tax. It provides upward mobility for groups of people trying to escape poverty.

question

1.Conformity 2. Innovation 3. Ritualism 4. Retreatism 5. Rebellion

answer

1. Accept approved social goals and the legitimate means of achieving them (I.e. those who do as expected) 2. Accept approved social goals but rejected legitimate means of achieving them (i.e. those who achieve success by criminal means) 3. Reject approved social goals but accept legitimate means of achieving them (i.e. those who follow social norms but have desire to succeed) 4. Reject approved goals and reject legitimate means of achieving them (i.e. dropout, slackers) 5. Reject legitimate goals and means and replace them with their own goals and objectives (i.e. cult leaders)

question

_______ Theory attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants and criminals, while others engage in similar behavior are not.

answer

Labeling

question

Which of the following statements represent social disorganization theory?

answer

Social problems increase when neighborhoods have deteriorating buildings and declining populations. Crime and deviance increase when the absence or breakdown of communal relationships occurs.

question

The term differential justice can be defined as

answer

They type of treatment that different races, ethic groups

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