Chapter 7: Founding a Nation
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Ordinance of 1784
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Drafted by Thomas Jefferson; established stages of self government for the west
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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Called for the eventual establishment of from three to five states north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi
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Empire of Liberty
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Rather than ruling over the West as a colonial power, the United States would admit the area's population as equal members of the political system
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Shays' Rebellion
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An uprising named after Daniel Shays; crowds of debt-ridden farmers closed the courts in western Massachusetts to prevent the seizure of their land for failure to pay taxes
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Federalism
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Refers to the relationship between the national govern- ment and the states
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Checks and Balances
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Makes sure no part of government has more power over the others; aka separation of powers
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Three-fifths Clause
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Allowed the white South to exercise far greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population war- ranted
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Anti-Federalist
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Opponents of ratification
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Bill of Rights
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The first ten amendments
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Miami Confederacy
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Little Turtle led them and defeated American forces led by Arthur St. Clair
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Battle of Fallen Timbers
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Anthony Wayne led American troops and defeated Little Turtle
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Treaty of Greenville of 1795
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Which twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government
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Annuity System
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Yearly grants of federal money to Indian tribes that institutional- ized continuing government influence in tribal affairs and gave outsiders considerable control over Indian life
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Gradual Emancipation Acts
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The North's acts that assumed that former slaves would remain in the country, not be colonized abroad
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Alexander Hamilton
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New York author of Federalist essays
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Daniel Shays
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Led uprising of Massachusetts farmers
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Benjamin Benneker
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Astronomical almanac writers
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John Adams
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Served as a diplomat so was unable to attend the Constitutional Convention
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Hector Crèvecoeur
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Letter from an American farmer
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George Washington
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Willed his slaves to be freed upon the death of his wife
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Thomas Jefferson
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Notes on the State of Virginia
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Little Turtle
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Battle of Fallen Timbers
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Patrick Henry
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An Anti-Federalist
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James Madison
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Father of the Constitution
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Arthur St. Clair
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Defeated by Little Turtle
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James Winthrop
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Agrippa
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By the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had already become larger the Great Britain, Spain, and France combined
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TRUE
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Movement of Americans westward slowed dramatically under the Articles of Confederation
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FALSE
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The Bill of Rights was a concession offered by the Federalists to overcome the widespread fears of a despotic national government
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TRUE
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More than half go the 55 men at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 had attended college
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TRUE
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The father of the Constitution was Thomas Jefferson
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FALSE
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Which is NOT true of the Anti-Federalists?
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a. Many were state politicians who feared that their power would diminish with the creation of a strong central government b. They were often small backcountry farmers c. They were often financiers and others in cities and nearby rural areas d. They opposed the Constitution because it lacked a Bill of Rights Answer: C
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The \"father of the Constitution\" was
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a. James Madison b. George Washington c. Thomas Jefferson d. John Adams Answer: A
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Which state had the largest slave population in 1790?
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a. South Carolina b. Virginia c. Rhode Island d. Connecticut Answer: B
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Which of the following was not a significant difference between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists during the ratification debates?
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a. Anti-Federalists saw centralized national authority as subversive of American freedom. Federalists did not. b. Federalists appealed more to merchants, artisans, and commercially oriented landowners. Anti-Federalists appealed more to small farmers in areas remote from commercial markets. c. Federalists were overwhelmingly northern. Anti-Federalists were overwhelmingly southern. d. Federalists believed that the clash of diverse interests in a large republic would enhance American freedom. Anti-Federalists did not Answer: C
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The 1787 Northwest Ordinance prohibited
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a. Land speculation b. indian reservations c. Established religion d. Slavery Answer: D
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The plan at the Constitutional Convention that proposed creation of a two-house legislature with representation in each house determined by each state's population was the
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a. Virginia Plan b. Small states' plan c. Massachusetts Constitutional Model plan d. New Jersey Plan Answer: A
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Which was NOT an attribute of the new nation?
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a. Broad distribution of property ownership b. Literacy among white citizens c. The federal government made the laws and states enforced them d. A youthful population Answer: C
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Under the rule of the U.S. Constitution, which remains in the hands of the states?
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a. Education b. Tariffs c. Issuance of paper money d. Interstate commerce Answer: A
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The U.S. Constitution provides that the president is to be elected
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a. By an electoral college b. By state legislators c. Directly by the people d. By the U.S. Senate Answer: A
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Which two states voted against ratification?
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a. Rhode Island and North Carolina b. Maryland and Virginia c. Ohio and Connecticut d. South Carolina and Georgia Answer: A
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Who helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris of 1783?
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a. George Washington b. John Jay c. benjamin Franklin d. Thomas Jefferson Answer: C
