Chapter 7 diseases of the blood – Flashcards
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___ is the iron-containing moleculefound in red blood cells
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Heme
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With no ____, red blood cells do not grow or repair themselves
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Nucleus
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Old red blood cells are removed from the body by the ___
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Liver and spleen
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The primary function of ____ is to defend tissues against infections and foreign substances
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Leukocytes
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_____ are produced in the bone marrow and are essential for blood clotting
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Platelets
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Vitamin ____ is required for the synthesis of the prothrombin and thrombin clotting factors
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K
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___ blood analysis provides qualitative information such as size, shape, and ratio of one cell
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Differential
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A _____ is used to diagnose malignant blood disorders and increases or decreases in blood
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Bone marrow smear
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Hypertnsion is broadly defined as an arterial pressure greater than ____ on at least three consecutive measures.
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140/90
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In peripheral arterial disease, the most commonly affected arteries are the _____ arteries.
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Femoral & popliteal
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The most frequent cause of iron deficiency in men and postmenopausal women is ______.
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Gastrointestinal bleeding
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In some cases of anemia of chronic disease, therapy with the hormone _____ may be used.
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Erythropoietin
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_____ is a reductionin in circulating blood cells that is caused by accelerated destruction of red blood cells
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Hemolytic anemia
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Unlike other anemias, hemolytic anemia produces increased serum levels of ______.
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Bilirubin
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Approximately _____ of african americans have the sickle cell anemia trait
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10%
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In sicke cell disease, red blood cells contain an abnormal form of ______.
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Hemoglobin
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The signs and symptoms of ______ result from increased viscosity of the blood.
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Polycythemia vera
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Treatment for polycythemia vera is aimed at
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Decreasing the thickness of the blood
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Vitamin _____ is a fat-soluble vitamin that is synthesized by intestinal bacteria
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K
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Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency in clotting factor
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VII
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_____ is a frequent complication of cancer chemotherapy or medical immune supression
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Neutropenia
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Hypereosinophilia can occur in response to a _____ infection and is a normal immune response
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Parasitic
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Blockage of the _____ can reduce blood supply to the brain, causing a stroke.
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Carotid arteries
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Listening through a stethoscope for abnormal heart sounds is an example of _____
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Auscultation
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_____ is the most common heart rhythm disorder
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Atrial fibrillation
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The symptoms of anemia are due to tissue hypoxia.
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True
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The etiology of anemia of chronic disease most often is a defect in erythropoesis.
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True
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Patients with anemia of renal disease usually have decreased serum iron.
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True
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The principle dietary sources of vitamin B12 include fruits and vegetables.
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False
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Patients who have heterozygous sickle cell trait have the more severe form known as sickle cell anemia.
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False
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Patients with sickle cell disease suffer from hemolytic anemia.
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True
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In relative polycythemia, the increase in red blood cell mass is due to a loss of plasma volume.
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True
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One of the treatments for DIC involves the administration of intravenous anticoagulants.
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True
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Patients with chronic neutropenia may experience chronic infections.
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True
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Mature red blood cells emerge from the bone marrow as reticulocytes.
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True
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Coronary veins provide the heart muscle with a reliable blood supply.
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False
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Aneurysms are caused by blood pooling within the veins because of decreased, stagnated blood flow.
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False
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A venticular sepral defect is one of the four abnormalities found in congestive heart failure.
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False
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Fat in the human body takes the form of triglycerides.
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True
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Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide.
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True
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Hemoglobin is composed of a protein called _______ and an iron-containing.
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Gamma
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The process of red blood cell formation is called ______.
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Erythropoiesis
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_______ is a condition of an abnormally low number of red blood cells.
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Anemia
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Jaundice and enlargement of the spleen occurs with anemia caused by _____ red blood cell death.
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Sickle cell
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Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, or ______ anemia, is caused by inadequate absorption or intake of vitamin B12
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Pernicious
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The surgical removal of the _____ is recommended in cases of inherited causes of hemolytic anemia.
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Spleen
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A blood clot, or _____ , prevents blood loss from damaged tissues, blood vessels, or organs.
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Thrombus
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In the many forms of von Willebrands disease, there is a defect in the adhesion of ______.
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Platelets
