Chapter 7: Caring in Nursing Practice (Work Book) – Flashcards

Universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel, and behave in relation to one another.

Leininger's concept of care defines care as the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that distinguishes nurising from other health discipines. Care is the essential human need and is necessary for the health and survival of all individuals.

Watson's transpersonal caring looks beyond the patient's disease and its treatment by conventional means. It looks for deeper sources of inner healing to protect, enhance, and preserve a person's dignity, humanity, wholeness, and inner harmony

The transformative model shows a connection betwen the one cared for and the one caring. The relationship influences both the nurse and the patient for better or worse.

a. Knowing --striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other b. Being With --being emotionally present to the other c. Doing For --doing for the other as he or she would do for the him - or herself if it were at all possible d. Enabling --facilitating the other's passage through life transitions e. Maintaining Belief --sustaining faith in the other's capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning

a. Human interaction or communication b. Mutuality c. Appreciating the uniqueness of individuals d. Improving the welfare of patients and their families

The nurse is the patient's advocate, solving ethical dilemmas by attending to relationships and by giving priority to each patient's unique personhood.

Having presence in person-to-person encounter conveys a closeness and a sense of caring. Presence involves both "being there" and "being with."

a. Task Oriented --when performing a task or procedure, the skillful and gentle performance of a nursing procedure conveys security and a sense of competence b. Caring --a form of nonverbal communication, which successfully influences the patient's comfort and security, enhances self-esteem, and improves reality orientation (holding hand, massage, etc) c. Protective --Used to protect the nurse, patient, or both, it can be positively or negatively viewed (preventing an accident)

Listening involves taking in what a patient says, as well as an interpretation and understanding of what the patient is saying and giing bak that understanding to the person who is speaking.

a. Continuity of Care c. Clinical Expertise

a. Organizational structure b. Economic constraints

1. Being Honest 2. Advocating for the patient's care preferences 3. Giving clear explanations 4. Keeping family members informed 5. Asking permission before doing something to the patient 6. Providing comfort 7. Reading to patient 8. Providing privacy 9. Assuring the patient that nursing services will be available 10. Helping the patients to do as much for themselves as possible 11. Teach the patient how to keep the relative physically comfortable

Nurses are town between the human caring model and the task-oriented biomedical model and the institutional demands that consume their pracrive.

2. CULTURE --Even though human caring is a universal phenomenon, the expressions, processes, and patterns of caring vary among cultures

4. The nurse-patient relationship and psychosocial aspects of care --there is a mutual give and take that develops as nurse and patient begin to know and care for one another

3. Maintain good eye-contact --Listening involves paying attention to the individual's words and the tone of his or her voice

4. Helping family members become active participants in the care of the patient --It depends on the family's willingness to share information about the patient, their acceptance and understanding of therapies, whether the interventions fit the family's daily practices, and whether the family supports and delivers the therapies recommended.