chapter 6 human growth – Flashcards
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When discussing maltreatment of children by adults, injury to the body is classified as?
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physical abuse
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Two-year-old Jacob took the pacifier away from his baby sister, making her sad and causing her to cry. When his mother explained how the baby felt and insisted that he return the pacifier, she was teaching Jacob
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empathy.
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An 8-month-old infant who cries when a relative she has never met comes to visit is showing
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stranger anxiety
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Irritability, irregular rhythms, and intense reactions are characteristic of which kind of temperament?
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Difficult
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Wade is quiet, adjusts only gradually to new situations, and has moderately predictable biological cycles. Which kind of temperament does he have?
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Slow-to-warm-up
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The New York Longitudinal Study of Temperament found that
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about one child in three has a mixed temperament pattern.
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According to the mutual-regulation model regarding emotional states
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babies as young as 3 months regulate their own emotional state to some degree.
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Harlow and Harlow's work with infant monkeys showed that the infants were most interested in receiving ___________ from surrogate mothers.
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bodily contact
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The development of self-awareness is demonstrated by
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18-24 months.
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Today about _____________ percent of mothers with children under age three work outside the home.
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60%
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A baby's first smile, which can occur in newborns less than a week old, is most likely due to
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central nervous system activity.
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The most important element in the assessment of the quality of a daycare is the
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caregiver himself or herself.
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At age 2, a healthy, normal child is likely to be
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willful.
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According to the New York Longitudinal Study, 40 percent of children exhibit a temperamental pattern described as
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easy.
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According to research cited in your text, what is the best way to respond to an infant's crying?
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Respond regularly with tender, soothing care.
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Young children's relationships with their siblings are usually
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characterized by affection and attachment.
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Dan begins crying before his mother leaves during the Strange Situation test. When she returns, he leans toward her but kicks and squirms when she picks him up. He appears to be
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ambivalent.
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Self-awareness usually emerges by about what age?
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15-24 months
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Mike and Veronica's baby has been crying from about 2 a.m. till 6 a.m. nearly every night for the past month. When they talk with the pediatrician they are told that the baby probably has
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colic.
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Which of the following was NOT observed in monkeys raised by surrogate mothers?
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Monkeys raised by wire surrogates were later attracted to and embraced the wire form.
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Fathers in which culture are more likely to provide direct infant care?
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Aka of Central Africa
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Emmett, at 4 months of age, smiles, signaling that he wants to be picked up. According to Tronick's mutual-regulation model, if his mother fails to pick him up, Emmett will probably
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try another way of getting her attention, like crying
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Geoffrey is 6 months of age, has attentive parents, and has learned
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to cry harder when ignored.
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The "Adult Attachment Interview" developed by Mary Main is designed to
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elicit memories of childhood attachment.
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Today, about half of all infants under 1 year in the United States whose mothers work are cared for
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in homes of relatives or friends.
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Pride, guilt, and shame are identified as the emotions of
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self-evaluation.
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Generalizing from the text, which of the following is the most advanced form of socialization?
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Committed compliance
