chapter 6 & 7 study guide physical science AR – Flashcards
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When two atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often form a(an)
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Diatomic molecule
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The formantion of an ionic bond involves the
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transfer of electrons
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alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and aluminum all forms ions with positive charges equal to the
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group number
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wwhich of the following compunds does NOT contain molecules
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NaCl
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which of the following does NOT state what the arrow means in a chemical equation
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conserves
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study the electron do diagram for lithium, carbon, fluorine, and neon in figure 6-1. choose the statement that correctly identifies the most stable of the elements.
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neon because it is the most stable element becasue its highest occupied energy level is filled.
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in an electron dot diagram, the symbol for an element is used to represent...
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the nucleus and non valence electrons
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which of the following groups contain three elements with stable elecron configurations? ( noble gasses)
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helium, xenon, neon
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the substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction are called ___________
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reactants
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the elements most likely to form more than one type pf ion are the ____
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transition metals
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the compound MgCl (little 2), the subscript 2 indicates that __
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there are two chloride ions for each magnesium ion.
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beryllium, Be, and chlorine, Cl, form a binary ionic compund with a one-to-two ratio o Be irons to Cl ions. the formula is
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BeCl (subscript 2)
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which of the following is NOT always true about a synthesis reaction?
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there is only one reactant
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which of the following statements correctly describes the substance with the formula KI?
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there is a one-to-one ratio of potassium ion to iodide ions
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Flourine, F, forms a binary ionic compund with lithium, Li,. what is the name of this compund?
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lithium flouride
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in the name carbon dioxide, the prefix of the second word indicates that a molecule of carbon dioxide contains _________
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two oxygen atoms
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Which of the following statements is true about what happens during a chemical reaction?
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bonds of the reactants are broken, and bonds of the products are formed/
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typically, the atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve _____
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a stable electron configureation
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when cesium and florione react, they form an ionic compound called cesium ______
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flouride
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the cemical formula for calcium chorine, CaCl (subsript 2) shows that the compund contains two _______ ions for every ____ ion.
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blank 1: chorines blank 2:calcium
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single-replacement reactions can take place with nonmetals. in the following equation, assume that A and C are nonmetals and B is a metal. complete the followig general equation for the replacement of a nonmetal in a compund by another nonmetal: A+ B ~ ___
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B A+C
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a _______ is the number that appears before a formula ina chemical equation.
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coefficant
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a _________ ion is a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge
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polyatomiczero
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in ionic compunds, the sum of the charges of all the cations and anions must be _____
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zero
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in an electron dot diagram, each dot represents a _________
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valence electron
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the statement that in chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products is the law of _______
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conservation of mass
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in a double replacement reacton, there are two reactants and ___ products
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2
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in an ionic compound, hte attractions between cations and ____hold the compund together
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anion
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the compund whose formula is SO (subscrips 3) is called sulfur ______
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trioxide
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the ions in solid sodium chloride are arranged in a structure called a _____- lattice
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crustal
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in the binary ionic compund potsassium bromide, KBr, the element that forms cations is _______--
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potassium
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in potassium bromide, KBr, wich element forms anions?
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bromine
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in sodium chloride, NaCl, are the cations sodium ions or chloride ions?
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sodium
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in the binary ionic compund lithium iodide, LiI, which element forms anions?
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iodide
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a student balanced the chemical equation Mg + O(subscript 2) ~ MgO by writing Mg+O(subscript 2)~MgO(subscript 2). was the equation balanced correctly? explain your answe. if the equation was not balanced correctly, write the correctly balanced equation.
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no because you cant change subscripts
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what is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation
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make sure there are the same number on each side
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are covalent bonds more likely to be found in compounds containing both metals and nonmetals or compunds containing only nonmetals?
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nonmetals
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in an electron dot diagram of potassium, there is one dot. in an electron dot diagram of silicon, there are four dots. which element would you expect to be more reactive?
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the one with one dot because it is more reactive
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how do you know that magnesium is the more metallic element in the compund magnesium oxide, MgO?
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because it is first
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in a perodic table that included electron dot diagram, in which column would the diagrams contain more dots-Group 2A (that alkaline earth metals) or Group 6A (the oxygen family)
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group 6A
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study the electron dot diagram. which of the elements are most likelt to react and form a compound? what type of compund are they likely to form?
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lithium and flourine
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flourine is the most reactive nonmetal. to flourines immediate right in the periodic table is neon, a noble gas that does not form chemical bonds. explain this contrast in reactivity in terms of atomic structure.
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because neon is stable and flourine is almost stable
