Chapter 52 Clinical
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Refractile
answer
Causing light to refract creating a sharp boundary or image.
question
Monouclear
answer
White blood cells; leukocytes that have unsegmented nuclei; monocytes and lymphocytes in particular.
question
Myoglobinuria
answer
Abnormal presence of a hemoglobin-poke chemical of muscle tissue in urine as the result of muscle deterioration
question
Phenylalanie
answer
Essential amino acid found in milk, eggs and other foods.
question
Ischemia
answer
Decreased blood flow to a body part of organ caused by constriction or plugging of supplying artery.
question
Enzymatic reaction
answer
Chemical retain controlled by an enzyme.
question
White blood cells; leukocytes that have segmented nuclei. also known as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) or segmented neutrophils
answer
Polymorphonuclear means many different shapes.
question
Glycosuria
answer
Presence of glucose in the urine.
question
Renal there hold
answer
Level above which a substance cannot be reabsorbed by the renal tubules and therefore is excreted in the urine.
question
Filtrate
answer
Fluid that remains after a liquid is passed through membranous filter.
question
Urinometer
answer
A sealed glass float with a calibrated paper scale in its steam, with a slight spinning motion, it is placed into a cylinder containing a urine sample and the value is read at the meniscus of the urine.
question
Strips used to test the specific gravity of urine is
answer
Dipsticks
question
Device that measures the refraction of light through solids in a liquid
answer
Refractometer
question
Clinitest
answer
Glucose test on a reagent strip. A tablet is dropped into a test tube of urine and the color of the tube's contents is compared with a chart.
question
Acetest
answer
REagent tablets used to test for the presence of fat metabolism by products.
question
hCG
answer
Substance detected by all pregnancy test.
question
Luteinizing hormone LH
answer
Increases in the concentration of urine shortly before ovulation.
question
Amorphous
answer
Shape of urates or phosphates that settle out of unrefrigerted urine samples.
question
Culture and sensitivity
answer
Procedure performed in the microbiology lab in which a specimens is cultured on artificial media to detect bacteria or fungal growth, followed by appropriate screening for antibiotic sensitivity.
question
Medical term for a urine sample with a persistent greenish yellow foam that may indicate the patient has viral hepatitis.
answer
Bilirubinuria
question
Gold standard
answer
Definitive diagnostic test to which all others are compared.
question
Casts
answer
Protein that has taken on the size and shape of the renal tubules that is washed into the urine
question
Cystoscopy
answer
A visual examination of the urinary bladder using a fiberoptic instrument
question
Colony forming units
answer
A term used when reporting bacteriuria one unit represents one bacterium presents in the urine sample.
question
The product of drug metabolism that is excreted into the urine
answer
Metabolite
question
Crenate
answer
Notches or leaflike, scalloped edges that form on an object such as the changes that occur on the surface of a RBC when it is exposed to a hypertonic saline solution.
question
Supravital
answer
A substance that is capable of staining living cells after their removal form a living or recently dead organism.
question
Why must a sterile container be used if a urine culture is ordered?
answer
A nonsterile container would contaminate the urine specimean
question
the five physical components of examination of urine are
answer
1. Apperance 2. Volume 3. Foam 4. Odor 5. Specific gravity
question
Apperance
answer
Normal urine color is a a shade of yellow, raining from pale straw to yellow to amber. Color depend on the concentration of at the pigment urochrome and the amount of water in the specimens.
question
Volume
answer
Urine produced every 24 hours varies according to the age of the individual
question
Foam
answer
Careful observation of this property can be a significant clue to san abnormality presence of small bubbles that persist for a long time after the specimen has been shaken.
question
Odor
answer
Urine may be caused by disease that presence of bacteria or diet.
question
Specific Gravity
answer
is the weight of a substance compared with the weight of an equal volume of distilled water.
question
Random Speciment
answer
to be collected when the patient arises in the morning, this is called the first morning specimens. Most common for pregnancy test.
question
Two hour postprandial urine specimens
answer
this specimens is collected 2 hours after a meal. screening for diabetes and for home diabetic testing programs.
question
Twenty four hour urine specimens
answer
Collected over 24 hours to allow a quantitative chemical analysis such as hormone levels and creatinine clearance rates. evaluation the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys.
question
Second Voided Specimen
answer
Collected to determine glucose levels.
question
Catherterized speciment
answer
requires the physician assistant or nurse to insert a catheter into the patients bladder.
question
Clean Catch midstream specimens
answer
may be ordered when the urine is to be cultured or examined for microorganisms.
question
Screening for Bladder Cancer is done with
answer
BTA stat test a rapid single step immunoassay.
question
Types of microscopic examination of urine
answer
1. Bacteria 2. Flagellates 3. Yeast
question
Can a component of urine change if left at room temperature
answer
True
question
Does Bacteria double every 20 minutes at room temperature
answer
True
question
Does the ph increase
answer
Yes
question
what is the ph level of urine
answer
5.50 to 8.00
question
Uriometer
answer
sealed glass float with a calibrated paper scale in its stem; sun in urine sample value read at meniscus.
question
Always check the expiration day
answer
True
question
Does big range of ph depends on how much you drink
answer
Yes
question
Hematuria
answer
Presence of intake red blood cells in urine, caused by irritation of the ureters, bladder or urethra cystitis or kidney stones.
question
Hemoglobinuria
answer
Presence of hemplyzed red blood cells, very rare
question
Ketones
answer
End product of fat metabolism
question
Protein
answer
one of first signs of renal disease
question
Glucose
answer
Minute quantities normally present in urine not detected.
question
Nitrite
answer
Due to bacterial break down, common component of urine, positive test result indicates UTI
question
Leukocyte esterase test
answer
WBC Present with UTI
question
Anuria
answer
Without urena
question
Pryuria
answer
Pus
question
Polyuria
answer
Diabeties, urenate a lot
question
Oliguria
answer
Scanty
question
Leukocyte esterase
answer
infection
question
100.5 to 10025
answer
specific gravity
question
phenylketone
answer
body count
question
Abnormal crystals are almost always in acidic urine identified by number and shape
answer
True
question
The glucose test on the reagent strip will detect only glucose
answer
True
question
CLSI
answer
12 ml need to do that to have a good test
question
SSA sulfosalicylic acid test is for
answer
Renal disease and kidney failure
question
Menopause testing
answer
CLIA waived lateral flow tests detect FSH in the urine.
