Flashcards with Answers on chapter 5 quiz

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question
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
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Tactile cells anchor the skin to the body.
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The skin consists of two main regions. From deep to superficial they are the ________.
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dermis and epidermis
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Which structures of the dermis give rise to friction ridges (fingerprints)?
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dermal ridges
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The ________ is a thin translucent band found only in thick skin.
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stratum lucidum
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Which stratum of the epidermis is responsible for regenerating the more superficial layers?
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stratum basale
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Which layer of the dermis is directly below the epidermis?
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papillary layer
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Which skin pigment is made in the skin itself?
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melanin
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A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
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corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
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A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot.almost to the papillary region of the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?
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basale
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The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.
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the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
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Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched?
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Dendritic cells activate the immune system
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Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes ________.
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accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer
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The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well-being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?
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stratum basale
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The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?
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macrophages called dendritic cells (Langerhans Cell)
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Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?
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Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.
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The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?
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the reticular layer
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Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been stretched and/or torn?
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The appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis.
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The papillary layer of the dermis is connective tissue heavily invested with blood vessels. The superficial surface has structures called:
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dermal papillae.
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The design of a person's epidermal ridges is determined by the manner in which the papillae rest upon the dermal ridges to produce the specific pattern known as handprints, footprints, and fingerprints. Which of the following statements is true regarding these prints or ridges?
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They are genetically determined, therefore unique to each person.
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A dendritic or Langerhan cell is a specialized ________.
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phagocytic cell
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Earwax is made by ________.
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ceruminous glands
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Sweat is secreted by ________.
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sudoriferous glands
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Which skin appendages aid in cooling the body to prevent overheating on a hot day or during intense exercise?
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eccrine sweat glands
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Sam is so cold that he has "goose bumps." What causes goose bumps?
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arrector pili muscles pulling hair follicles into an upright position
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The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except ________.
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external root sheath
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What is the most important role of the arrector pili muscles in humans?
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Force sebum out of the hair follicle to the skin surface
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Which glands produce ear wax?
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Ceruminous glands
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Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
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eccrine and apocrine
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Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to play little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body?
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in the axillary and anogenital area
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The skin is NOT a ________ barrier?
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metabolic
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Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its functions include ________.
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resident macrophage-like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system
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The most dangerous type of skin cancer is ________.
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melanoma
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A cancerous growth on the skin will likely exhibit ________.
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asymmetry
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Which layer(s) of the skin is(are) damaged in a second-degree burn?
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The epidermis and the superficial region of the dermis are damaged.
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In general, skin cancer is least likely to develop in which of the following locations?
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scalp
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Susan sat out in the sun watching a baseball game. She developed small blisters on her unprotected shoulders and neck. What type of burn is represented by the formation of the blisters?
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second-degree burn
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Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
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Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.
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The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________
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overexposure to UV radiation
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Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss? What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
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by using the "rule of nines"
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What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
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catastrophic fluid loss
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The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following cell types are likely to be found in the dermis?
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fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells
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Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?
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Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen.
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The dense fibrous connective tissue portion of the skin is located in the reticular region of the dermis.
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true
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The protein found in large amounts in the outermost layer of epidermal cells is collagen.
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false
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The dermis is rich in blood vessels and nerve fibers.
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true
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Acne is a disorder associated with ________.
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sebaceous glands
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Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?
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Kinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts.
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