question

a systematic error in a measurement process

answer

bias

question

black box warning

answer

FDA warnings on drug labels

question

double Blind study

answer

study where neither the investigators nor patient who has the placebo and who has the actually drug

question

controlled substances

answer

listed drugs on schedule of drugs in the Controlled Substances Act

question

blind study

answer

only the participants don't know who is getting the placebo, the investigators do know

question

drug polymorphism

answer

variation in a drugs response due to age, gender, size, and/or body composition

question

IND

answer

investigational new drug not yet approved by the FDA but availble in urgent situations such as aids epidemic and ebola epidemic

question

investigational new drug application

answer

must be submitted to FDA before human trials can begin

question

narcotic

answer

a legal term devised under the Harris Act of 1914 now referring to controlled substances and illegal street drug

question

negligence

answer

failure to act in a reasonable and prudent manner

question

orphan drugs

answer

a category of drugs used to treat people with are diseases

question

OTC

answer

over the counter drugs (non prescription)

question

Common African cultural imlicationsespect of others

answer

folk medicine root healers use herbs, oils androots close extended families getting too personal too fast is intrusive prone to keloids sickle cell anemia lactose intolerance respond better to diuretics than to beta blockers and angiotensin converting enzematic inhibitors respond less effectively to single drug therapy when treating hypertension direct eye contact rude present oriented women as matriarchs

question

common Asian cultural implications

answer

traditional medicine hot/cold acupuncture cupping herbalist high respect for others and authority discomfort w/hand shaking w/opposite sex present oriented close extended families family above individual needs many drug interactions lactose intolerence thalassemia need lower drug dosages such as haloperidol respond ter to lower antidepressant doases req lower doses of antipsychotics]and antimanic drugs yin/yang (female/male) (neg/pos) (dark.light) spiritual grounding of beliefs

question

Common Native Americin or First Nations cultural issues

answer

harmony in nature withevil spirits causing disease medicine man low tone of voice light hand shake, not firm present oriented close extended families emphasis on family lactose intolerance cleftlip and uvula problems spirits can cause disease balance sough

question

common, cold, herbs mon Hispanic nuances

answer

good luck and living right=gd health illness result of bad deeds heat, cold, herb remedies use curandero=spiritualist expressing negative feelingsimpoliet avoiding eye contact respectful and attentive touching in conversationacceptable close extended family ties allfamily member involvedinhealth decisions need lower does of antipsychotics and antimanic drugs

question

Pure Food and Drug Act

answer

drug strength and purity

question

Sherley Amendment

answer

prohibited fraudulent drug claims

question

Harrison Narcotic Act

answer

established the term narcotic reg mfg and sale of habit forming drugs

question

Food Drug Cosmetic Act

answer

drug must be cleared by FDA 1st leg to address drug safety est investigational new drug practice

question

Durham Humphrey Amendments

answer

tightend FDA control by speficying whch drugs need a prescription and which do not legend vs. OTC drugs

question

Kefauver Harris Amendments

answer

req proof of drug efficacy and safety

question

Comprehensive Drug Abuse Act (Controlled Substances Act

answer

est FDA control and enforcement thru the DEA by categorizing drugs by their potential for abuse

question

Accelerated Drug Review Reg.

answer

enabled faster approval by FDA for drugs to treat life threatening diseases like cancer,aids, ebola

question

HIPPA act

answer

privacy of protected health info

question

Medicare Prescription Drug Act

answer

prescription coverage for seniors and disabled

question

Are med errors preventable

answer

yes

question

Errors in medication can occur

answer

in procuring, prescribing, dispending,administering, transcribing, and monitoring

question

Schedule 1 drugs

answer

high abuse potential no accepted med use lsd, heroin, pot

question

Schedule II drugs

answer

current accepted med use high abuse potential physical or psych addiction possible new Rx must be written for each 30 day supply no verbal orders allowed morphine, codine, methadone, oxycodine, pentbarbital, cocaine

question

Schedule III drugs

answer

lower abuse potential RXreq,after 6 mo. or after five rfills new script needed each time tylenol 3, butabrbital, steroids

question

Schedule IV drugs

answer

some abuse potential, Rx 6 mos or after five refills tranq and anianxiety drugs

question

Schedule V drugs

answer

lowest abuse potential no RX needed OTC drugs

question

FDA Modernization Act

answer

fast track for life threatening illnesses,children included intesting, off label info my mfg must be provided

question

theraputic objective of drug therapy

answer

to provide most amt of benefit w/least amt of harm

question

a drug that has a good efficacy

answer

does what it is supposed to do

question

a selective drug

answer

does what it is suppose to do and nothing else

question

an ideal drug is

answer

safe, effective, selective

question

are there any idea drugs

answer

no

question

are nephrons increased or decreased in the elderly

answer

decreased

question

nearly everything is decreased in elderly except what

answer

body fat

question

if a person wants to drop out of a drug trial can they

answer

yes

question

if someone in a drug trial wants out can you try to talk them out of to dropping out

answer

no

question

what is involved in preclinical drug development

answer

in vitro and animal studies

question

phase I of drug development does what

answer

sets optimal dose range and pharmacokenetics involves healthy volunteers unless effect SE (severe) small group

question

phase II of drug dev

answer

theses utility (effectiveness) tests dose response tests adverse effecs diseased population smallnumbers of people

question

phase III of drug dev

answer

safety and effeciveness broader range of tonxicity may include placebos multi center broad populatin base blnd or double blind studies

question

phase IV of drug dev

answer

post marketing studies safety monitored under actual usage conditins drug canbe pulled

question

what culture has the greatest participation in healh care and demands the greates explanations

answer

western

question

NPA

answer

nurse practice acts==state lawthat define nursing practice

question

autonomy

answer

the ability to act onyour own

question

benefencne

answer

doing good; how the patient is best served

question

noncemalfeasence

answer

doing no harm

question

veracity

answer

telling the truth

question

should a nurse have her own malpractice insurance

answer

not req'd but a good idea

question

three areas where nurses face potential liability

answer

failure to assess or evaluate failure to insure safety medication errors

question

a nurse says to a student nurse, I have drawn up this syringe, i will let you give it to the patient. what should the student nurse do?

answer

refuse to give it since the student didnot draw it up herself

question

how many times should you ck a med before you give it.

answer

at least three times

question

A patient is undergoing major surgery and asks the nurse about a living will. He states, "I don't want anyone making decisions for me.And I don't want to prolong my life.: the patient is demonstrating?

answer

autonomy

question

When caring for an elderly Chinese patient, the nurse recognizes that which of these cultural issues may influence the care of this patient?

answer

the use of heat may be an important practice for this patient

question

A patient is being counseled for possible participation in a clinical trial for a new med. After the patient meets with the physician, the nurse is asked to obtain the ctient's signature on the consent forms. The nurse knowns that this informed consent indicates?

answer

the patient has been informed of all thepotential hazards and benefits of the therapy

question

A new drug has been approved for use,and the drug mfg has made it available for sale. During the first few months the FDA receives reports of severe adverse effects that were not discovered during the testing and is considering withdrawing the drug. This is part of what phase of the drug studies process?

answer

phase IV

question

A patient of Japanese descent describes a family trait that manefests frequently. She says that members of her family often have strong reactions after taking certain medications but her white friends don't seem to have the problem. The nurse regonizes the implication of this stmt to be?

answer

she may need lower doses of certainmeds

question

When evaluating polymorphism and medication administration the nurse should consider all f the following except: a. nutritional status b. drug route c. patient's ethniciity d. cultural beliefs e. patients age

answer

b. drug route, all others can effect polymorphic results

question

what must the nurse do when taking a verbal order:

answer

1. only cn be used in emergency 2. write down order completely 3. read back to prescriber 4. provider verifies correctness 5. write time and date on order, also dose rate route 6. nurse signs 7. make sure you put the docs name who gave order and that doc must come in in sign the order w/n 24 hrs.

question

can all drug order be given verbally?

answer

no, cancer drugs and certain controlled drugs cannot

question

what do you do if an order is wrong or unsafe

answer

1. inform provider 2. record notification and their response 3. notify supervisor 4. refuse to carry it out and document why

question

what do you din poor judgemento when an order is simply

answer

1. notify provider 2. if order stays the same, you must carry it out

question

what is the antidote for acetaminphen toxicity

answer

acetylcyeteine

question

what is the antidote for benzodiazephrine toxicity

answer

flumazenil

question

what is the antidote fo opiate toxicity

answer

naloxne

question

when are animal studies done on new drugs

answer

in the pre clinical stage

Chapter 4 pharmacology notes – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards