question

Provisions of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments guarantee that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law and this clause applies to all "legal persons," including:

answer

. individuals and corporations.

question

Substantive Due Process

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Limits What Government may do in its legislative and executive capacities legislation must be fair and reasonable

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Procedural due process

answer

The government must give a person proper notice and an opportunity to be heard so that the procedures are fair

question

A Kansas City law imposes prison terms without a trial on street entertainers who operate in certain areas. A court would likely review this statute under the principles of:

answer

Procedural due process

question

Someone tells the dean of your college that he saw you cheating on an exam. The dean kicks you out of school. What type of due process has the dean probably violated?

answer

Procedural due process

question

Your state legislature passes a law prohibiting students from criticizing actions taken by the governor. Does this new law further a legitimate government objective?

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No, because no legislature can infringe on a person''s free speech rights.

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The Fourteenth Amendment does NOT guarantee

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Freedom of press

question

Gooding, Rhode Island, passes a law allowing only two street vendors to operate in a specific area for the purpose of reducing traffic. The court would likely review this ordinance under the principles of:

answer

The equal protection clause

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To determine whether a law violates the Equal Protection Clause, courts use one of three standards to "test" whether a person has been inhibited from exercising a fundamental right.

answer

Intermediate scrutiny, Rational basis test, and Strict scrutiny

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Most statutory rape laws apply to men, but not to women. Do these laws pass intermediate scrutiny?

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c. Yes, because males and females are not similarly situated and the state has an interest in preventing illegal teenage pregnancies.

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A law that provides unemployment benefits only to people over six feet tall will pass the rational basis test?

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b. False

question

In which landmark 1965 case did the Supreme Court hold that a constitutional right of privacy is implied by the First, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Ninth Amendments?

answer

a. Griswold v. Connecticut

question

The ___________ greatly expanded the authority of government to monitor e-mails and Web site visits.

answer

USA Patriot Act

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First Amendment

answer

Guarantees the freedoms of religion, speech, and the press and the right to assemble peaceably and to petition the government

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Fourth Amendment

answer

Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures of persons or property

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Ninth Amendment

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Establishes that the person have rights in addition to those specified in the Constitution

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As originally intended, the first ten amendments to the Constitution limited only the power of

answer

The federal government

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Whenever the language in the Bill of Rights describing a right is overly broad or unclear in a particular situation, what does NOT occur:

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b. The individual state legislatures interpret the unclear language.

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Symbolic speech is NOT covered by the Bill of Rights.

answer

False

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Your state passes a law prohibiting businesses from supporting political candidates. You go to court and challenge the law's constitutionality. Will the law be upheld?

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b. No, because the law is an unconstitutional restriction of free speech.

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The compelling government interest test is used by the courts to determine whether a law regulating the content of speech will be permissible.

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True

question

Free Exercise Clause

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The provision in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits Congress from making any law "prohibiting the free exercise" of religion

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Establishment Clause

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The provision in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits Congress from creating any law "respecting an establishment of religion.

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What type of powers do the states have to regulate or prohibit private activities?

answer

b. Police powers

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State police powers only authorize state police forces.

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False

question

All powers expressly "reserved" to the states fall under the ______ amendment.

answer

Tenth

question

Which of the following would NOT be regulated at the state level?

answer

Interstate commerce laws

question

Olga lives in New Jersey and wishes to obtain a business license in New York. New York passes a law requiring nonresidents to pay an additional $1,000 fee for anyone applying from New Jersey. Can New York "get away" with that?

answer

No, because the Privileges and Immunities Clause would prohibit such a discrepancy in fees

question

Rights established under deeds, wills, and contracts in one state must be honored by other states. Hint:What does the Full Faith and Credit Clause say?

answer

True

question

Legislative Branch

answer

Role:Makes the laws Example of Checks & Balances: But the executive branch ( The president) has the constitutional authority to veto that law

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Judicial Branch

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Role: Interprets the laws Example of Checks and Balances: Had the power to hold actions of the other two branches unconstitutional

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Executive Branch

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Role: Enforces the laws Checks and balances: Responsible for foreign affairs: but treaties with foreign governments require the advice and consent of the senate.

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Article 1, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution impacts business greatly and is referred to as the .

answer

Commerce Clause

question

State laws that allow the use of medical marijuana insulate users in those states from federal prosecution.

answer

False: Correct. While lawsuits have argued that it is unconstitutional for the federal statute to prohibit marijuana use for medical purposes when it is legal within a state, the Supreme Court has held that Congress has the authority to prohibit the intrastate possession of marijuana as part of a larger regulatory scheme. See The Constitutional Powers of Government.

question

In 1824, the Supreme Court decided the landmark case ____________ , which ruled that commerce within the states could also be regulated by the national government.

answer

Gibbons V. Ogden

question

When there is a direct conflict between a federal and a state law, the state law is rendered invalid. hint: What does the Supremacy Clause in the U.S. Constitution say?

answer

True

question

Congress sets out a medical-device approval process for the Food and Drug Administration. The law includes a preemption provision. A device that goes through the process injures Eric, who sues under state law to recover. The court will most likely rule that:

answer

The federal law preempts Eric's state law claim

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