Chapter 31 study guide – Flashcards

The red scare of 1919-1920 was provoked by a. the wartime migration of rural blacks to northern cities. b. urban immigrants' resistance to prohibition. c. public anger at evolutionary science's challenge to the biblical story of the Creation. d. the public's fear that labor troubles were sparked by communist and anarchist revolutionaries. e. Russian Communism's threat to American security.

Disillusioned by war and peace, Americans in the 1920s did all of the following except a. denounce radical foreign ideas. b. condemn un-American life-styles. c. struggle to achieve economic prosperity. d. shun diplomatic commitments to foreign countries. e. restrict immigration.

Businesspeople used the red scare to a. establish closed shops throughout the nation. b. break the backs of fledgling unions. c. break the railroad strike of 1919. d. secure passage of laws making unions illegal. e. refuse to hire communists.

The most tenacious pursuer of radical elements during the red scare of the early 1920s was a. Frederick W. Taylor. b. William Jennings Bryan. c. J. Edgar Hoover. d. F. Scott Fitzgerald. e. A. Mitchell Palmer.

The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated all of the following except a. fundamentalist religion. b. opposition to birth control. c. opposition to prohibition. d. repression of pacifists. e. anti-Catholicism.

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against a. capitalism. b. new immigration laws passed in 1924. c. the nativist movements that had their origins in the 1850s. d. race riots. e. the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture.

With 5 million members at its peak in the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan was known for all of the following except a. secret rituals. b. its Catholicism. c. flag-waving parades. d. the blazing cross. e. the bloodied lash.

The Ku Klux Klan virtually collapsed in the late 1920s when a. the immigration restriction laws of the early 1920s were repealed. b. the organization was publicly exposed as a corrupt and cynical racket. c. the advent of radio led to a new level of public knowledge and tolerance. d. the Klan proved unable to implement its program. e. both political parties sharply criticized the Klan as un-American.

Immigration restrictions of the 1920s were introduced as a result of a. increased migration of blacks to the North. b. the nativist belief that northern Europeans were superior to southern and eastern Europeans. c. a desire to rid the country of the quota system. d. the desire to halt immigration from Latin America. e. growing concern about urban overcrowding and crime.

Cultural pluralists like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne generally advocated that a. Spanish and German should be recognized as official languages of the United States along with English. b. diverse religious beliefs could coexist peacefully in the United States. c. immigrants to the United States could remain politically loyal to their original nations. d. immigrants should be able to retain their traditional cultures rather than blend into a single American melting pot. e. a varied American cultural life should resist the bland standardization of mass culture.

The Immigration Act of 1924 discriminated directly against a. Canadians and West Indians. b. northern and western Europeans. c. Latin Americans. d. Jews and Muslims. e. southern and eastern Europeans and Japanese.

One of the primary obstacles to working class solidarity and organization in America was a. ethnic diversity. b. the lack of a reform impulse in America. c. the generally fair treatment that workers received from their employers. d. the hostility of the Catholic Church to social reform. e. the growing Communist influence in the labor movement.

During the 1920s and after, many American immigrant ethnic groups a. rapidly assimilated into the mainstream of American life. b. sought to escape urban poverty by migrating to rural areas. c. lived in neighborhoods with their own churches or synagogues, newspapers, and theaters. d. maintained a greater loyalty to the old country than to the United States. e. sought political autonomy and official recognition by the U.S. government.

Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest resistance from a. women. b. immigrants and big-city residents. c. westerners and southerners. d. businesspeople and labor leaders. e. evangelical Protestants.

The religion of almost all Polish immigrants to America was a. Eastern Orthodoxy. b. Lutheranism. c. evangelical Protestantism. d. Roman Catholicism. e. Judaism.

Many Polish peasants learned about America from all of the following sources except a. agents from U.S. railroads. b. letters from friends and relatives. c. agents from steamship lines. d. Catholic missionaries. e. Polish American businesspeople.

The zeal of federal agents in enforcing prohibition laws against liquor smugglers strained U.S. diplomatic relations with a. Canada. b. Mexico. c. the Dominican Republic. d. Spain. e. Ireland.

Although speakeasies and hard liquor flourished, historians argue that prohibition wasn't entirely a failure for all of the following reasons except a. bank savings increased. b. absenteeism in the workplace decreased. c. people consumed less alcohol overall. d. crime levels decreased. e. more people lived a sober lifestyle.

The most spectacular example of lawlessness and gangsterism in the 1920s was a. New York City. b. New Orleans. c. Brooklyn. d. Chicago. e. Las Vegas.

Besides controlling the illegal liquor industry, American gangsters in the 1920s earned rich profits from all of the following activities except a. prostitution. b. gambling. c. labor racketeering. d. illegal drugs. e. prostitution

Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of a. murder. b. income tax evasion. c. kidnapping. d. conspiracy to violate the prohibition laws. e. running criminal prostitution rings.

John Dewey can rightly be called the "father of ____." a. the American research university b. progressive education c. evolutionary science d. psychoanalysis e. Hegelian philosophy

According to John Dewey, a teacher's primary goal is to a. instill discipline and character in young people. b. emphasize academic skills. c. educate students for life by active learning methods. d. undermine students' naive religious beliefs. e. develop a sense of history.

Of the following, the one least related to the other four is a. John T. Scopes. b. Clarence Darrow. c. Frederick W. Taylor. d. William Jennings Bryan. e. Dayton, Tennessee.

The immediate outcome of the 1925 Scopes Trial was that a. attorney Clarence Darrow got the charges against John Scopes dropped. b. the state of Tennessee modified its anti-evolution law. c. the public gained a favorable view of American fundamentalists. d. biology teacher John Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution and fined. e. the jury was deadlocked and unable to reach a verdict.

After the Scopes "Monkey Trial" a. fundamentalism disappeared outside the rural South. b. John Scopes was sentenced to serve time in jail. c. Christians found it increasingly difficult to reconcile the revelations of religion with modern science. d. the gap between theology and biology began to close. e. fundamentalist religion remained a vibrant force in American spiritual life.

All of the following helped to make the prosperity of the 1920s possible except a. government stimulation of the economy. b. rapid expansion of capital. c. increased productivity of workers. d. perfection of assembly-line production. e. advertising and credit buying.

The main problem faced by American manufacturers in the 1920s involved a. increasing the level of production. b. developing expanded markets of people to buy their products. c. reducing the level of government involvement in business. d. developing technologically innovative products. e. finding a skilled labor force.