Chapter 3 US History – Flashcards
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What were the personal qualities needed to explore and settle in the new lands?
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Courage, Practical Know how, bottomless ddetermination
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Daniel Boone warned colonists of the coming attack by which 2 groups?
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British and the Native Americans
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What was responsible for most of the growth in America?
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Increase in number of children born
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Half of the American population was under or over what age?
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17
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NW ordinance of 1787
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designated area N of the Ohio RIver as the NW territory and provided for its latter division into states, forbade slavery
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Where were Native Americans forced after the numerous treaties with the US government?
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West of the Mississippi River
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What was the Pinckney Treaty?
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A treaty that stated spain would control the seminoles
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What native american group angered the US why was the US Upset?
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The Seminoles b/c they let escaped slaves live with them and they raided settlers in South Florida
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Who was the general in charge of protecting the settlers?
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Andrew Jackson
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What was the adams-onis treaty/what were the concessions?
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Spain gave up Florida and its claim on the Pacific NW the US stretched from coast to coast
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Who Started the new colony of Texas?
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Stephen Austin
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What started the Texas war for independence?
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Governer Lopez de Santa Anna declared himself dictator of Mexico and stripped Texas of self government
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Who was the Mexican Dictator?
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Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
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What is the significance of the Alamo?
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A wall in San Antonio which was meant to slow down the generals advance long enough to allow their fellow rebels to assemble an army
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Who led the texan force following the army?
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William Travis and James Bowie
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What 2 countries signed a treaty for joint occupation of Oregon?
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US and Britain
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Who were the first 2 groups to settle west?
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Fur traders and Missionaries
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Oregon Trail
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Organized wagon trains carrying masses of migrants west that began in Independence Missouri traveled along this
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Joseph Smith
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religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in 1830 (1805-1844)
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Where did Mormons settle permanently?
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Salt Lake Society Utah
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What did westward Migration Bring?
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creation of new cities, territories, and new states
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Through what did americans believe that humankind could be improved through?
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Education
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Who wrote the first american dictionary/what was his belief?
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Noah Webster believed that a broad system of education was necessary to establish national character
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What republican virtues did americans seek to promote?
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Self reliance, Industry, frugality, harmony, and the sacrafice of individual needs
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Why did girls start to attend school?
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to learn virtues and instill them as well as influence their husbands
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what was a republican woman?
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one who had the virtues that would help her contribute to the success of the republic
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What was the industrial revolution?
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Ongoing effort over many decades to increase production by using machines powered by sources other than humans and animals
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What did the british do to try and keep their machines a secret/who spoiled this secret?
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They forbid anyone with knowledge of their machines to emegrate samuel slates spoiled this
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What isi the system of interchangable parts?
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A system made which all parts are made to an exact standard it allowed certain parts to be used on many machines
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What is a cotton gin?
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A machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers
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Define Gin
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Engine of Machine
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Robert Fulton
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Produced the first steam powered ship
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Why were waterways so importamt?
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They were the cheapest way to carry goods and could get goods farther away
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What canal had the greatest impact?
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Erie canal because it connected the Hudson river and lake Erie
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What was the road financed by the federal government that started in Maryland?
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Cumberland Road
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What was the first American Railroad
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Baltimore and Ohio
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How did the advancement of transportation effect communication?
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Newspapers and magazines were being published which spread information faster
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What was the second great awakening?
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The great religious movement of the early 1800s
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In the second great awakening what was revival?
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Gathering which people were revived or brought back to religious life
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Denomination
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Religious sub groups
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Three denominations of that time
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baptists methodists and unitarians
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Difference between unitarian and trinity
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Unitarians believe that God is a unity many other christian groups believe that God is a trinity made of 3 parts
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What religion invited both races in the church?
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Methodists and other evangelical churches
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What is call-and- response
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congregation responds together to a statement made by one member
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Spirituals
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Folk Hymns
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What church did African Americans form?
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The African Methodist Episcopal church
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Market Revolution
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change in the way americans bought and sold goods
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Manufacturing
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Making of products by machinery
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What area was good for manufacturing factories?
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The New England region was ideal because the fast moving rivers supplied power to these manufacturing factories
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Free enterprise system
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an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of goods
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free enterprise is also known as capitalism who does it reward?
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this system rewards those who can find the most efficient way to running their buisness and it enourages the creation of new industries
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what is capital?/what wouldn't have happened if it weren't for capital
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Market revolution wouldnt have happened without capital or wealth that can be invested to produce goods and make money
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what did the market revolution lead to?
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banks
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What caused the creation of banks?
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new businesses needed money and the banks helped to provide it
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What was the difference between the northern economy and the southern economy?
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North became industralized and the south stayed a farm/plantation economy that thrived on using slavery
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industrialization
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the growth of industry increased rapidly
