Chapter 3: The Study of Hair Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Class Evidence
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Material that connects, but does not prove an individual or thing to a certain group. Hair is considered class evidence,
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Comparison Microscope
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A compound microscope that allows the side-by-side comparison of samples, such as of hair or fibers.
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Cortex
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The region of hair located outside of the medulla containing granules of pigment.
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Cuticle
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The tough outer covering of a hair composed of overlapping scales.
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Hair Follicle
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The actively growing root or base of a hair containing DNA and living cells.
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Individual Evidence
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A kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing.
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Keratin
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A type of fibrous protein that makes up the majority of the cortex of a hair.
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Medulla
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The central core of a hair fiber.
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Melanin Granules
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Bits of pigment found in the cortex of a hair.
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Neutron Activation Analysis
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A method of analysis that determines composition of elements in a sample.
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Trace Evidence
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Small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at a crime scene.
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Follicle and Shaft
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Two parts that make up a hair.
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Medulla, Cortex, and Cuticle
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The three layers of the hair shaft.
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Cortex
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The largest part of the hair shaft in humans.
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Secondary transfer
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the transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source to a person, and then to another person (victim)
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Late 1800s
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Time period when hair was recognized as trace evidence in a criminal investigation.
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The Principles and Practice of Medical Jurisprudence
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Book by Alfred Swaine Taylor and Thomas Stevenson published in 1883 that contains several chapters on using hair in forensic investigations.
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The Hair of Man and Animals
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Book published by French forensic scientists in 1910 by Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert. This text includes numerous microscopic studies of hair from most animals.
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1934
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The use of the comparison microscope to perform side-by-side analysis of hair collected from the crime scene and hair from a suspect or victim first occurred.
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Purpose of Hair
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Regulate body temperature--to keep the body warm by insulating it.
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Human infant hair facts
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5 million hair follicles, only two percent of which are on the head.
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Microscopic characteristics of hair
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pattern of medulla, pigmentation of cortex, types of scales.
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Fluorescence
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Characteristic of chemicals (such as hair dyes) that will absorb light and fluoresce under certain colors of light.
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Arsenic, lead, drugs
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Chemicals that are absorbed by the skin and hair and can be detected by toxicity screen tests.
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Follicular Tag
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Includes the hair follicle and root. Usually present if the hair is forcibly removed.
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Six
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Number of different types of hair on the human body.
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Three
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Number of stages of hair development.
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Imbricate
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Cuticle pattern of human hair.
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Locard's Exchange Principle
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Whenever two objects are in contact, some transfer of material will occur.
