Chapter 3 Section 2: New England Colonies – Flashcards
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Dissent
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To disagree with the beliefs or practices of others, and refuse to participate in them.
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Persecute
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To treat a person or group of people harshly, often because of religious differences.
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Puritans
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Group of Protestants who wanted to reform the Anglican Church.
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Separatists
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Another name for the Pilgrims, a group who wanted to leave the Anglican Church and set up their own churches.
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Pilgrims
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Another name for the Separatists, a group who wanted to leave the Anglican Church and set up their own churches.
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To which colony was the Mayflower originally traveling?
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Virginia.
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Plymouth Colony
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One of two early colonies in Massachusetts to which the Pilgrims traveled.
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Mayflower Compact
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Formal document drawn up by the Pilgrims at Plymouth. It pledged their loyalty to England and declared their intention to create a body politic.
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Squanto
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Native American who assisted the Pilgrims by showing them how to grow corn, beans and pumpkins and how to hunt and fish. He knew English.
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Samoset
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Native American who assisted the Pilgrims by showing them how to grow corn, beans and pumpkins and how to hunt and fish.
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Massasoit
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Native American leader of the Wampanoag who signed a treaty with the Pilgrims in March 1621.
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
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Second English colony established in Massachusetts in 1630 by the Massachusetts Bay Company, it was a home for Puritans who wished to escape persecution in England. It was mostly located around Boston.
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Boston
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Main city and hub of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
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John Winthrop
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Puritan governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
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Great Migration
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1630s movement of more than 15,000 Puritans from England to Massachusetts who wished to escape religious persecution and economic hard times in England.
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Toleration
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The acceptance of different beliefs.
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Thomas Hooker
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Minister who was dissatisfied with Massachusetts and brought his congregation south to found the town of Hartford.
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Roger Williams
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Minister from Massachusetts who was banished from Massachusetts in 1635 and went southeast in search of religious freedom. He founded the town of Providence and later received a charter to create the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.
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Rhode Island Colony
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Colony next to Massachusetts and Connecticut which was the first English colony dedicated to religious toleration and the first place in America where people could worship freely.
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What often caused conflicts between the colonists and the Native Americans?
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Settlers would move onto Native American lands without permission or payment.
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Anne Hutchinson
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-disagreed with Puritan leaders -felt an individual's relationship with God did not need to be communicated through a minister
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Why did the Pilgrims and Puritans leave Europe for the Americas?
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-avoid religious persecution (Pilgrims and Puritans) - unemployment (Pilgrims) - high taxes (Pilgrims)
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Do you think the Pilgrims could have survived without the assistance of Squanto and Massasoit?
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No, they taught them how to: - survive in their new land. - fertilize soil - establish relationships with other Indians
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What role did the church play in Massachusetts?
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Politics and religion were closely linked in Puritan New England. - Government leaders were church members - Ministers had great authority - Government leaders outlawed some religious views - Government leaders punished dissenters
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Why did some colonists disagree with the leaders of Massachusetts?
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- Wanted a more democratic government - critical of the general court taking land from the native without paying them. - some believed people's relationship with God didn't need guidance from ministers.
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Describe the economy of the New England colonies
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- Trade was vital; they traded fur, pickled beef, and pork. - Fishing was the region's leading industry. Whaling provided valuable oil for lighting. - Shipping for trade (including slaves). -Skilled craftspeople
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Why do you think New England merchants became leading members of society?
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Success is trade made them more wealthy and powerful.
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What steps did the Massachusetts Bay Colony take to promote education?
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They required parents to provide education for their children. Town schools in every township with 50 or more people.
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What are some possible benefits that New England's emphasis on education might bring?
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Provided a place for children read and study the bible. Children could learn a new trade.
