Chapter 27: The Reproductive System (Study Modules 27.10-27.13) – Flashcards
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Match the following: Tunica albuginea.
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Fibrous capsule of the testes
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Which male structure is homologous to the female's clitoris?
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Penis
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Correctly match the following: Corpus cavernosum.
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Dorsal erectile bodies
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Match the ovarian structure with the correct characteristic: Corpus luteum.
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Produces progesterone
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Match the ovarian structure with the correct characteristic: Mature follicle
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Contains a tertiary follicle
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Match the following: Interstitial cells.
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Make testosterone
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Correctly match the following: Hymen.
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Incomplete partition covering the vaginal orifice
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Choose the false statement about oogenesis.
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In humans, the secondary oocyte must complete meiosis II before it can be fertilized.
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Match the ovarian structure with the correct characteristic: Secondary follicle.
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This has many cells layers and an undeveloped antrum
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The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that __________.
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one mature ovum is produced in oogenesis, and four mature sperm are produced in spermatogenesis
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Match the ovarian structure with the correct characteristic: Primary follicle.
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Contains a primary oocyte and cuboidal cells that make estrogen
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Which of the following hormones causes the oocyte to mature?
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FSH
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The uterus is an extension of what larger membrane?
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peritoneum
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What is secreted by the corpus luteum?
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estrogen and progesterone
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What is a function of the Pampiniform plexus of testicular vein?
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to help cool down arterial blood before it reaches the testes
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Which of the following differentiates the follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle?
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The follicular phase occurs directly before ovulation, and the luteal phase occurs directly after ovulation.
The follicular phase is the period in which the dominant follicle prepares for ovulation and secretes large amounts of estrogen. The luteal phase occurs after ovulation as the corpus luteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen.
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What is the role of the granulosa cells in the ovarian cycle?
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Granulosa cells guide the development of the oocyte.
Granulosa cells are directly connected to the oocyte by gap junctions, allowing for direct communication between the oocyte and granular cells. These cells guide each other's development.
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What is the fate of the corpus luteum if pregnancy occurs?
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It secretes progesterone and some estrogen for about three months.
If pregnancy occurs, the corpus luteum prevents another menstrual cycle by releasing progesterone and estrogen until the placenta can take over and maintain those hormone levels.
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Which hormone is most responsible for triggering ovulation?
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luteinizing hormone (LH)
Estrogen levels increase during the follicular phase, which triggers a surge of LH. This surge of LH triggers ovulation.
