Chapter 23: War and Society, 1914-1920 – Flashcards
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During World War I, the complicated alliances of the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliances were A. Entente: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia; Alliance: Great Britain, France, Italy B. Entente: Great Britain, France, Italy; Alliance: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia C. Entente: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy; Alliance: Great Britain, France, Russia D. Entente: Great Britain, France, Russia; Alliance: Austria -Hungary, Germany, Russia E. none of the above
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D. Entente: Great Britain, France, Russia; Alliance: Austria -Hungary, Germany, Russia
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All the following factors contributed to the outbreak of the war in Europe in 1914 except A. Balkan desire for independence B. The complicated defense alliances C. The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand D. The sinking of the Lusitania E. European imperial ambitions
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D. The sinking of the Lusitania
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was assassinated in 1914 by a A. German radical B. British naval officer C. Rival for the Austrian throne D. Socialist labor organizer E. Bosnian nationalist
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E. Bosnian nationalist
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The initial U.S. policy regarding the European war was to A. offer immediate support to the Allied Powers B. offer immediate support to the Central Powers C. offer to mediate between the two camps D. declare war on both sides E. pursue a policy of neutrality
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E. pursue a policy of neutrality
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Before entry into the war, the United States A. traded with both Great Britain and Germany. B. traded only with Great Britain. C. refused to loan money to combatants. D. suspended exports to Great Britain in protest of the British blockade. E. ceased trade with both sides.
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A. traded with both Great Britain and Germany
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The sinking of the ___ galvanized public opinion against Germany.
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Lusitania
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Which of the following was not a factor in the growing U.S. movement toward war? A. The desire to fight for freedom and democracy B. German overtures toward Mexico C. Two Revolutions in Russia D. German-American support of the war E. German submarine warfare
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D. German-American support of the war
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What was the House Grey memorandum?
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Britain agreed to ask the US to negotiate a settlement between the Allies and the Central Power.
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Which of the following was not included in Woodrow Wilson's vision of a settlement that would achieve peace without victory? A. disarmament B. reaffirmation of the Monroe Doctrine C. freedom of the seas D. security against aggression E. right of self-determination
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B. reaffirmation of the Monroe Doctrine
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The War Industries Board A. Was not authorized to fix prices or wages B. Represented Woodrow Wilson's attempt to have a decentralized approach toward war mobilization C. Nationalized all industries in the U.S. D. Was criticized by Progressives as inefficient E. Possessed complete authority over military and civilian wartime production
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A. Was not authorized to fix prices or wages
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The War Industries Board was the most important agency mobilizing the nation for war.
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True
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During World War I, the War Industries Board (WIB) A. was seen as a model for rational organization when led by Herbert Hoover B. was plagued by mismanagement and inefficiencies under Bernard Baruch C. coordinated government purchases of military supplies D. saw itself as an adversary of individual businesses E. All these answers are correct
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C. coordinated government purchases of military supplies
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The purpose of the War Labor Board was to A. Resolve labor disputes B. Ensure high profits for industry C. Continue efforts to send supplies abroad D. Sett wage and price levvels E. Limit competition among various industries
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A. Resolve labor disputes
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Which of the following groups entered the labor force in large numbers during the war? A. Mexicans, White Southerners, and European Immigrants B. Irish, German, and Italian Immigrants C. European Immigrants, African Americans, and Women D. African Americans, White Southerners , Mexicans and Women E. African Americans, Mexicans, and Children
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D. African Americans, White Southerners , Mexicans and Women
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For the American worker, World War I meant A. Increased employment B. Fewer job oppurtunities C. More competition with immigrant workers D. Lower wages E. More leverage with employees
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E. More leverage with employees
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Most African-Americans soldiers were A. Not allowed to fight B. Not permitted to register for the draft C. Assigned to integrated units D. Considered by white soldiers to be superior fighters E. Assigned to all-black units and were sent to the front
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A. Not allowed to fight
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The bulk of U.S. war financing came from A. New taxes B. Borrowing from abroad C. Tariffs D. Deficit spending E. The sale of bonds
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E. The sale of bonds
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Taxes during World War I A. Were increased dramatically, primarily on the middle the class B. Were increased primarily on the wealthy C. Actually went down D. Did not go up significantly E. Paid all of the cost of the war
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B. Were increased primarily on the wealthy
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The Committee on Public Information A. Successfully met the Progressive aim of unifying the nation B. Exacerbated social and cultural divisions C. Uncovered widespread espionage D. Was attacked by the general public E. Raised awareness and support for the peace treaty
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B. Exacerbated social and cultural divisions
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The International Workers of the World and the Socialist Party A. Supported the war after U.S. entry B. Recruited for the military C. Helped to staff the Committee on Public Information D. Supported Germany in the war E. Always opposed the war
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E. Always opposed the war
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In the election of 1916 A. Woodrow Wilson won by the largest electoral margin in U.S. history B. Irish and German Americans supported the Socialist candidate Eugene V Debs C. The Republican presidential candidate was Theodore Roosevelt D. Woodrow Wilson ran on a war platform E. Woodrow Wilson's campaign slogan was "He kept us out of war"
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E. Woodrow Wilson's campaign slogan was "He kept us out of war"
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The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany by A. Executing all of the nation's leading officials B. Giving independence to Finland and Belgium C. Assessing $33 billion in war reparations D. Removing Kaiser Wilhelm II from power E. Placing Germany under the military control of France
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C. Assessing $33 billion in war reparations
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Conditions of the Treaty Versailles
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Germany lost territory, Germany had to pay reparations, Germany had to reduce the size of its military, Germany had to accept blame for the war
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Critics of the Treaty of Versailles A. Were mostly conservative Democrats B. Though it was too easy on Germany C. Wanted Germany to pay full cost of war D. Constituted a majority of Americans E. Though it gave to much military power to the League of Nations
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E. Though it gave to much military power to the League of Nations
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Woodrow Wilson envisioned an international parliament (League of Nations) that would A. Act as a world court to try war criminals B. Control trade during wartime C. Eliminate all independent national armies and navies D. Unite the world in the organized pursuit of peace, security, and justice E. Eliminate all trade barriers
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D. Unite the world in the organized pursuit of peace, security, and justice
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World War I is called the first "total war" because A. The victors achieved all of their war aims B. Total surrender was demanded C. Every nation participated in the fighting D. The public totally supported U.S. involvement E. Combatants devoted virtually all of their military, social, and industrial resources to the war
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E. Combatants devoted virtually all of their military, social, and industrial resources to the war
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Woodrow Wilson's hopes for a negotiated settlement with Germany were dashed by A. The sinking of the Lusitania B. Revelation of the Zimmerman telegram C. German violations of the Sussex pledge D. The Republican victories in the congressional elections E. The failure of the House-Grey memorandum
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B. Revelation of the Zimmerman telegram
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Americans were outraged by the "Zimmermann telegram" because it A. Insulted President Wilson B. Caused the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia C. Revealed Woodrow Wilson's secret negotiations with both sides D. Was clearly a hoax created by the British to sour U.S.-German reations E. Encouraged Mexico to side with Germany in case the United States entered the war
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E. Encouraged Mexico to side with Germany in case the United States entered the war
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The Palmer raids were meant to
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find "radicals" in the U.S. and expose the activities they engaged in
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The Red Scare A. Completely destroyed the Socialist party of America B. Was led by labor unions and social reformers C. Ended when Woodrow Wilson voiced his opposition to repression D. Exemplified postwar American fear of foreign ideas and influences E.Resulted from dozens of attacks by radicals in the United States 6
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D. Exemplified postwar American fear of foreign ideas and influences
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The Eighteenth Amendment A. Gave women the right to vote B. Was The most important reform of Woodrow Wilson's administration C. Was the only amendment passed by the Progressives D. Was partially an expression of anti-immigrant feelings stimulated by the war E. Was not ratified for more than decade after it was passed by Congress
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D. Was partially an expression of anti-immigrant feelings stimulated by the war
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In the Fourteen Points Woodrow Wilson proposed that territorial settlements be A. Designed to restore the 1914 international boundaries B. Based on the principle of self-determination C. Made by the League of Nations D. Negotiated at separate special conferences between the concerned ethnic groups E. Resolved in favor of the victors
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B. Based on the principle of self-deterrmination
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When President Wilson arrived in Europe to attend the peace conference A. He was met by massive protest movements led by those who feared U.S. power B. He traveled secretly so that the European public was unaware of his arrival C. He was met by huge crowds who hailed him as a savior D. The European public seemed to blame the U.S. for the carnage of the war E. The European public was indifferent to him
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C. He was met by huge crowds who hailed him as a savior
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Marcus Garvey was A. A Republican opponent of the League of Nations B. The founder of a black separatist organization C. A strong supporter of integration D. The first Jewish Supreme Court Justice E. Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of State
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B. The founder of a black separatist organization
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The United States joined the war effort in Europe A. As a formal ally of the British and French B. As an ally of the British but not the French C. As an ally of Russia D. As an associated power to keep its war aims separate from the Allies E. As an ally of Austria
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D. As an associated power to keep its war aims separate from the Allies
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When the United States entered World War I A.The British and french were on the verge of victory B. The British were on the verge of defeat C. It made little difference in the outcome of the war D. Russia had defeated Germany in the East E. Germany had already sued for peace
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B. The British were on the verge of defeat
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"Doughboys" was a nickname for U.S. Army cooks during World War I.
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False
