Chapter 20 Test Answers – Flashcards
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Why did Columbus set sail westward?
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Columbus sailed westward to find an alternate trade route to Asia, instead of sailing south to Africa than east.
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What were three goals of the Spanish in the Americas?
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The three goals of the Spanish in the Americas is to enrich Spain, colonize land, and to convert Native Americans to Christianity.
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Why did Popé lead a rebellion against the Spanish?
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Pope lead a rebellion against the Spanish because they abused the Natives and tried to destroy their culture.
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What did the Europeans mostly grow in their Caribbean colonies?
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European's mainly grew sugar and tobacco.
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What was the result of the French and Indian War?
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The French and Indian war resulted in the British taking control of the eastern half of the United States.
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What factors led European colonists to use Africans to resupply their labor force?
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The contributing factors to have Africans in the labor force Natives dying, Africans experienced to farming, had some build up to disease, were unfamiliar to the land and could not blend in with the white population, so were less likely to escape.
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What were the conditions on board a slave ship?
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The conditions on a slave ship were brutal, each person had a tiny amount of space, they lived among their own waste and suffered from disease, beatings, and poor food.
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What were several ways in which enslaved Africans resisted their treatment in the Americas?
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African slaves resisted by preserving their cultural heritage, sabotaging work efforts, running away, and forming armed rebellions.
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Why was the introduction of corn and potatoes to Europe and Asia so significant?
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The introduction of corn and potatoes to Europe and Asia was important because they were inexpensive and nutritious and thus improved diets throughout Europe and Asia.
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What was the economic policy of mercantilism?
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Mercantilism held that a country's true power was measured by its wealth, which it acquired by obtaining as much gold and silver as possible and by establishing a favorable balance of trade.
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Identify which nation sponsored each explorer and the regions he explored. Magellan Cabral and Cartier.
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Magellan, Spain, Pacific Ocean. Cabral, Portugal, Brazil. Cartier, France, St. Lawrence River, Montreal.
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What factors helped the Europeans conquer the Americas? Which was the most important? Why?
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The Europeans had support conquering the Americas by having. Factors - disease, superior weaponry, aid from native allies. Most important - disease because it wiped out much of the native population of the Americas.
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Explain the statement, "Columbus's voyage began a process that changed the world forever." Consider all the peoples and places American colonization affected economically.
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The statement "Columbus's voyage began a process that changed the world forever." means that after Columbus, Native American civilizations declined while Europeans prospered. New foods, plants, animals, and diseases spread to peoples of both hemispheres.
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What might have been some of the differences in the Europeans' and Native Americans' views of colonization?
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Europeans probably positive - they gained land and property and the opportunity to start a new life with more than they had in Europe. Native Americans probably negative - it deprived them of their property, freedom, and even, in some cases, health and life.
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How did enslaved Africans help create the societies in the New World.
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Enslaved Africans helped create the societies in the new world, because the enslaved Africans made economic, political, cultural, and religious contributions to American societies.
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Explorer in search of Asian trade route.
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Columbus
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Colonists who settled Plymouth
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Pilgrims
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Aztec Emperor
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Montezuma II
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Economic Policy based on a nations wealth
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Mercantilism
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Mixed Spanish and Native American population
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Mestizo
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Conquerors
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Conquistadors
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Conquered the Inca empire
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Pizarro
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Voyage carrying slaves to the Americas
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Middle Passage
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Economic system based on private ownership
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Capitalism
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Spanish forced labor system
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Encomienda
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Disease that killed many native Americans
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Smallpox
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Led Native American attacks on colonies
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Metacom.
