question

T/F People around the world have much the same outward appearance and wear the same clothing and bodily decoration.

answer

FALSE

question

T/F Culture is the ways of thinking, ways of acting, and material objects that together form a people's way of life.

answer

TRUE

question

T/F An example of nonmaterial culture would be the types of vehicles people use to get around.

answer

FALSE

question

T/F Experiencing an unfamiliar culture can generate culture shock.

answer

TRUE

question

Symbols refer to anything that carries meaning that is recognized by people who share a culture.T/F

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Understanding symbols allows people to make sense of their surroundings.

answer

TRUE

question

T/F The gesture we commonly call \"thumbs up\" is used in most of the world's societies to signify that something is very good.

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FALSE

question

T/F The Sapir-Whorf thesis states that the language we use shapes the reality we perceive.

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TRUE

question

T/F Values are standards that serve as broad guidelines for social living.

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TRUE

question

T/F Compared to cultures around the world, the way of life in the United States emphasizes individualism.

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Mores are norms that have great moral significance.

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TRUE

question

T/F Values and norms help to define a society's \"ideal culture.\"

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Technology refers to knowledge people use to make a way of life in their surroundings./F

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Subculture is more at odds with dominant culture than counterculture.

answer

FALSE

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T/F Cultural lag refers to the fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others.

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Cultural change results from invention, discovery, and diffusion.

answer

TRUE

question

T/F Cultural relativism means using your own cultural standards to evaluate another culture.

answer

FALSE

question

What is the term for the ways of thinking, ways of acting, and material objects that together form a people's way of life?

answer

culture

question

The United States is multicultural because

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in this country we find many different languages and ways of life.

question

As a part of human culture, religion is an example of

answer

nonmaterial culture.

question

The intangible world of ideas created by members of a society is referred to as

answer

nonmaterial culture.

question

Cars, computers, and iPhones are all examples of which of the following?

answer

material culture

question

Sociologists define a symbol as

answer

anything that carries meaning to people who share a culture.

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The fact that text messaging is based on a new set of symbols shows us that

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a. today's young people are creating new symbols. b. there are many ways to use symbols to communicate. c. culture changes over time. d. ALL THESE ARE CORRECT RESPONSES

question

Cultural transmission refers to the process of

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passing cultural patterns from one generation to another.

question

Which of the following statements MOST closely conveys the point of the Sapir-Whorf thesis?

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People see the world through the cultural lens of their language.

question

Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and beautiful are called

answer

values.

question

The dominant values of U.S. culture include which of the following?

answer

a belief in individualism

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__________ are rules about everyday, casual living; __________ are rules with great moral significance.

answer

Folkways; mores

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Wrongdoing, such as an adult forcing a child to engage in sexual activity, is an example of violating cultural

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mores.

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An act of kindness, such as opening the door for an elderly man, illustrates conforming to

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folkways.

question

Elements of social control in everyday life include

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a. shame. b. guilt. c. sanctions, including the response of other people. d. ALL OF THESE RESPONSES ARE CORRECT

question

The fact that some married men and married women are sexually unfaithful to their spouses is an example of _____ culture, while the fact that most adults say they support the idea of sexual fidelity is an example of _____ culture.

answer

real; ideal

question

Knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings is called

answer

technology.

question

The distinction between high culture and popular culture is based mostly on

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the social standing of the people who display the cultural pattern.

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Cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population are referred to as

answer

popular culture.

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Subculture refers to

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cultural patterns that set off a part of a society's population.

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Multiculturalism is defined as

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a perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the United States and promoting equality of all cultural traditions.

question

Counterculture refers to

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cultural patterns that oppose those that are widely held.

question

Cultural integration refers to the fact that

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change in one dimension of a cultural system usually causes changes in others.

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The term \"cultural lag\" refers to the fact that

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some cultural elements change more quickly than others.

question

Which of the following statements is a good example of cultural lag?

answer

gaining the ability to modify genetic patterns in humans before understanding the possible social consequences of doing so

question

Cultural change is set in motion in three general ways. What are they?

answer

invention, discovery, and diffusion

question

The spread of cultural traits from one society to another is called

answer

diffusion.

question

Ethnocentrism refers to

answer

judging another culture using the standards of your own culture.

question

The practice of understanding another culture on its own terms and using its own standards is called

answer

cultural relativism.

question

Which of the following adds to the creation of a global culture?

answer

a. the flow of goods from country to country b. the flow of information around the world c. the flow of people from country to country d. ALL THESE RESPONSES ARE CORRECT

question

Which theoretical approach states that the stability of U.S. society rests on core values shared by most people?

answer

the structural-functional approach

question

Cultural universals are elements of culture that

answer

are part of every known culture.

question

Which theoretical approach is linked to the philosophical doctrine of materialism?

answer

the social-conflict approach

CHAPTER 2 SOCIOLOGY

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