question

William Seward

answer

Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price.

question

Matthew C. Perry

answer

Military leader who convinced the Japanese to sign a treaty with the US in 1853. This treaty allowed a commercial foot in Japan and furthered Jap-US relationship.

question

Minor C. Keith

answer

Minor C. Keith Provided financial services to the Costa Rican government. In return, he won long-term leases for lands and railroad lines.

question

Alfred T. Mahan

answer

Author of "The Influence of Sea Power" in which he argued a strong navy was essential for the protection of American interests.

question

Henry Cabot Lodge

answer

The chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations during Wilson's second term in office. He strongly opposed the US signing the Treaty of Versailles and US involvement in European affairs through the League of Nations.

question

Josiah Strong

answer

American clergyman who preached Anglo-Saxon superiority and called for stronger U.S. missionary effort overseas.

question

Alfred J. Beveridge

answer

historian and United States Senator from Indiana who also was a skilled orator. One of his speeches justified the annexation of the Philippines, thus promoting a growth of American imperialism.

question

Theodore Roosevelt (all contexts)

answer

Theodore Roosevelt Imperialist advocate, aggressive assistant navy secretary, Rough Rider. Took over after McKinley was shot.

question

William McKinley

answer

President who initially opposed war with Spain but eventually supported U.S. acquisition of the Philippines. He was shot and T.R. took over.

question

Emilio Aguinaldo

answer

Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901.

question

John Hay

answer

American secretary of state who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China (Open Door Policy)

question

William H. Taft

answer

William Howard Taft was easily elected in 1908, because a majority of Americans believed that he would continue the popular Republican policies laid out by President Roosevelt. Taft was susceptible to outside pressure, and he often submitted to the desires of Congress and special interest groups. Roosevelt and many Americans were angry and dismayed when Taft began to stray from the Republican platform.

question

Woodrow Wilson

answer

In 1912, within one week of taking office, Woodrow Wilson removed governmental support for American businesses operating in the Caribbean and China. Wilson was an intense critic of imperialism and his goal was to reverse Roosevelt's "big stick" policies and Taft's "dollar diplomacy." His vision for U.S. foreign policy was based on morality. He strongly believed that his immediate predecessors had pursued a policy that would breed dislike of the U.S. and often sacrifice goodwill for short-term gain. For this reason, Wilson's foreign policy has sometimes been called "moral diplomacy."

question

Pancho Villa

answer

General in Mexico; civil war against Venustiano Carranza; U.S. aided Carranza because Carranza was deemed less radical; Villa defeated; then went on raid on Columbus, New Mexico

question

Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst

answer

Writers and creators of the Yellow Press. Led people to believe that the situations occurring in Cuba were worse than they were in reality.

question

Nationalism

answer

Intense feelings of pride felt for one's nation. Yellow journalism takes it to extreme.

question

Cuban Rebellion

answer

Cuban Jose Marti leads a revolt in 1895. Is brutally crushed by Spanish troops. US are concerned, having LOTS of investment in Cuba. Cubans are forced into prison/concentration camps, published in US newspapers and pitied.

question

Yellow Journalism

answer

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers; popularized in the late nineteenth century by Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst.

question

Causes of the Spanish American War

answer

1. Yellow Journalism was one of the causes of the Spanish-American War (1898) - this was when newspaper publishers like Hearst and Pulitzer sensationalized news events (like the sinking of the Maine) to anger American public towards Spain. 2. USS Maine: Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War

question

Teller Amendment

answer

U.S. military involvement status; U.S. cannot annex Cuba; leave control of island to its people.

question

Platt Amendment

answer

Replaced Teller Amendment; Cuba could not enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence; U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient independent government; Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to U.S. for naval and coaling station; Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.

question

Spheres of Influence

answer

Areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly (ex. Europe and U.S. in China during Open Door era)

question

Open Door Policy

answer

A policy that asked powerful and influential countries to respect Chinese rights and promote fair trade with low tariffs. This policy was accepted by other countries and prevented any country from creating a monopoly on Chinese trade.

question

Roosevelt Corollary

answer

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force.

question

Dollar Diplomacy

answer

President Taft's policy of linking American business interests to diplomatic interests abroad.

question

Moral Diplomacy

answer

Moral Diplomacy foreign policy proposed by President Wilson to condemn imperialism, spread democracy, and promote peace.

question

Roosevelt Diplomacy

answer

Created the Panama Canal. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty granted US control of canal zone of panama, US guaranteed panama independence and paid same fees offered Columbia: angered Latin Americans. Roosevelt was concerned about Latin American nations defaulted on their debts. Roosevelt Corollary of the Monroe Doctrine warned Latin American nations to keep their affairs in order or face American intervention.

question

Taft Diplomacy

answer

Taft: Dollar Diplomacy to promote American financial and business interests abroad/ had profit seeking motives but aimed to sub. Economic ties for military alliances and bring lasting peace. Wanted to replace European loans w/ American ones. Knox reversed Roosevelt's policy of staying out of northern China to build RR's. England, Japan, and Russia declined. Blow to American policy and prestige in Asia. Taft started intense rivalry w/Japan for commercial advantage in China.

question

Wilson Diplomacy

answer

Wilson: Rejected dollar diplomacy. Moral Diplomacy designed to bring right to the world, preserve peace, and extend to other peoples the blessings of democracy. Ditches his idealistic approach after not seeing results and continued Roosevelt-Taft policies. Intervened in Latin America more than either Roosevelt or Taft. US close to war w/ Mexico. Wilson wanted to help Mexicans achieve political and agrarian reform, but did so by forcing his way in.

question

Anti Imperialist League

answer

League Group that battled against American colonization of the Philippines, which included such influential citizens as Mark Twain and Andrew Carnegie.

question

Great White Fleet

answer

TR sends fancy US navy ships around the world, to show off US force.

question

USS Maine

answer

Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War

question

Manila Bay (in the Philippines)

answer

Site of the dramatic American naval victory that led to U. S. aquistion of rich, Spanish-owned Pacific islands

question

De Lome Letter

answer

The Spanish ambassador insults President McKinley in this document; accused America of being weak

question

Hawaii

answer

From the 1820's, the US missionaries always liked the Hawaiian Islands. Treaties signed in 1875 and 1887 guaranteed commercial trade and US rights to Pearl Harbor, while Hawaiian sugar was very profitable. In 1890, the McKinley Tariff raised the prices of sugar. Americans believed that the best way to offset this tariff was to annex Hawaii; however, this was opposed by Queen Liliuokalani. Cleveland didn't believe that it was right to annex Hawaii after the American Coup over there, but at the end of his presidency, Hawaii became part of the US.

question

The Influence of Sea Power Upon History

answer

An influential treatise on naval warfare written in 1890 by Alfred Thayer Mahan. It details the role of sea power throughout history and discusses the various factors needed to support a strong navy.

Chapter 17 History Test – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards