Chapter 16 Sec. 2-16 Sec. 3 – Flashcards
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Huguenots
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French protestants
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What happened in the incident on St. Bartholomew's Day?
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On Aug. 24, 1572, Catholic royalists massacred 3,000 Huguenots at a royal wedding symbolizing the complete breakdown of order in France.
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Henry IV
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A Huguenot prince who inherited the French throne. He fought to gain control of France, issued the Edict of Nantes, and wanted to repair Franch.
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Edict of Nantes
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a law issued by French king Henry IV in 1598 giving more religious freedom to French Protestants
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Cardinal Richelieu
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chief minister of King Louis IV of France. He was in office for 18 years, strengthened the central government, wanted to destroy the power of the Huguenots and nobles
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Louis XIV
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French king who followed the policies of Richelieu and spent many hours a day on government affairs. He extended bureaucracy, appointed intendants, and built his army to enforce his policies at home and abroad. He ruled France for 72 years and made France to the strongest state in Europe.
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intendants
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royal officials who collected taxes
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Jean-Baptiste Colbert
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the finance minister of King Louis XIV of France. He imposed mercantilist policies, had lands cleared for farming, encouraged mining, and built up trades like lacemaking. He put high tariffs on imported goods and helped make France the wealthiest state in Europe.
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Versailles
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royal French residence amd seat of government established by King Louis XIV
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levee
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"rising" The major ritual that began every day in the king's bedroom with King Louis XIV
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What did the age of King Louis XIV come to be known as?
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the classical age of French drama
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What did the French Academy do and who sponsered it?
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a group that set high standards for the arts and sciences in the age of Louis XIV; King Louis XIV
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How long did King Louis XIV reign for?
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72 years
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balance of power
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distribution of military and economic power that prevents any 1 nation from becoming too strong
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Who inherited the throne of Spain in 1700?
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Louis XIV's grandson, Philip V
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What did the War of Spanish Succession result in?
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the Treaty of Utrecht
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What royal family ruled England from 1485-1603?
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the Tudors
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What ended the Tudor reign in 1603?
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the death of Elizabeth I because she had no children
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Who took over after the Tudor family in England?
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the Stuarts
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What began when the Stuarts came to power?
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the "century of revolution"
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Why weren't the Stuarts as popular as the Tudors?
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they clashed with the parliament and had problems suppressing problems
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James I
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the 1st Stuart monarch who clashed with the parliament nad dissenters. He wanted to clear England of the Puritans
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dissenters
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Protestants who differed with the Church of England
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Puritans
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a group who sought to "purify" the church of Catholic practices
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Charles I
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son of James I who took over the throne of England after him. He improsoned people without trials, raised taxes, banned the Parliament for 11 years, and had many enemies
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The English Civil War
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A war that broke out between the parliament supporters (roundheads) and the king's supporters (cavaliers). It ended with the execution of the king, Charles I
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cavaliers
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supporters of Charles I
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Roundheads
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supporters of the parliament
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Oliver Cromwell
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leader of the roundheads in the English Civil War who was a Puritan and oraganized the "New Model Army"
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What did the execution of Charles I do to Europe?
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it sent a shockwave throughout Europe because people were stunned that the king was executed
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Charles II
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a ruler of England who was well-liked. He reopened theaters, taverns, and brothels.
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James II
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brother of Charles II who took the throne of England in 1685. He was an open Catholic which angered many people and many feared he would restore the Roman Catholic Church
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The English Bill of Rights
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this bill of rights was made during the "glorious revolution" under William and Mary. This limited the power of the monarchy and guaranteed the privileges of the high class. This made sure that the monarchy ruled by the consent of parliament which now had to be called every three years. By doing so, it prevented the monarchy from gaining too much power and ruling in a way disagreeable to the people of England.
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limited monarchy
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when a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's powers
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constututional government
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a government whose power is defined and limited by law
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cabinet
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parliamentay advisors to the king who originally met in a small room, or "cabinet"
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oligarchy
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a government in which the ruling power belongs to a few people
