question

Oceanography, Topex/ Posiden, sonar, Challenger, or Meteor: German reasearch ship that studied the oceans during the 1920s

answer

Meteor

question

Oceanography, Topex/ Posiden, sonar, Challenger, or Meteor: Satellite used to monitor ocean surface temperatures

answer

Topex/Posiedon

question

Oceanography, Topex/ Posiden, sonar, Challenger, or Meteor: Device that uses echoes to map features of the ocean floor

answer

Sonar

question

Oceanography, Topex/ Posiden, sonar, Challenger, or Meteor: 1st ship to use sophisticated measuring devices to study the ocean

answer

Challenger

question

Oceanography, Topex/ Posiden, sonar, Challenger, or Meteor: Scientific study of Earth's oceans

answer

Oceanography

question

Oceans on Earth have existed for ___.

answer

almost 4.6 billion years

question

One possible source of Earth's water is _____.

answer

comet impacts

question

Gases emitted by volcanoes contain mostly ____.

answer

water vapor and carbon dioxide

question

In Earth's early history, water vapor in the atmosphere condensed into the ______.

answer

oceans

question

Water is still being added to Earth's hydrosphere by ______.

answer

volcanism

question

The total amount of water on Earth stays the same because water molecules in the atmosphere are destroyed by ___.

answer

ultraviolet radiation

question

The _____ contain 97% of the water found on Earth.

answer

oceans

question

Approximately 3 percent of Earth's water is located in the ____ of Greenland and Antarctica, and in rivers, lakes, and underground sources.

answer

frozen ice caps

question

Global ___ has risen and fallen by hundreds of meters in response to warm periods and ice ages.

answer

sea level

question

_____ forces that lift or lower portions of the seafloor also affect sea level.

answer

Tectonic

question

Today average global sea level is slowly ____ at a rate of 1 to 2 mm per year.

answer

rising

question

Why is Earth known as the blue planet?

answer

Earth is known as the blue planet because it is 71% covered by water and looks blue from space.

question

What is the average depth of the oceans?

answer

The average depth of the oceans is 3800 m.

question

How much of the northern hemisphere is covered by oceans?

answer

61% of the northern hemisphere is covered by oceans.

question

How much of the southern hemisphere is covered by oceans?

answer

81% of the southern hemisphere is covered by oceans.

question

True or False: The 3 major oceans are the Atlantic, the Pacific, and the *Arctic.*

answer

False: Indian

question

True or False: The *Pacific* is Earth's largest ocean.

answer

true

question

True or False: The Atlantic Ocean extends for more than *2,000 km* from north to south.

answer

true

question

True or False: North of the *antarctic* circle, the Atlantic is known as the Arctic Ocean.

answer

False: arctic

question

True or False: The Indian Ocean is located mainly in the *northern* hemisphere.

answer

False: southern

question

About what percentage of seawater is dissolved salts?

answer

3.5 percent

question

Which of the following salts is most abundant in seawater?

answer

sodium chloride

question

What is salinity?

answer

the amount of dissolved salts in seawater

question

What unit is commonly used to measure the salt content of water?

answer

parts per thousand

question

In addition to salts, which of these substances is dissolved in seawater?

answer

nutrients

question

Which of the following would cause surface ocean water to have a higher salt content? A. a river flowing into the ocean B. the melting of sea ice C. high rates of evaporation and low rates of precipitation D. low rates of evaporation and high rates of precipitation

answer

C. high rates of evaporation and low rates of precipitation

question

What evidence indicates that the salt content of ancient oceans was about the same as it is today?

answer

comparisons of modern seashells and fossil shells

question

Which process does NOT add salts to seawater? A. weathering of crustal rock B. decay of hard- shelled sea creatures C. volcanic gases D. flow of rivers into the ocean

answer

B. decay of hard- shelled sea creatures

question

Which process removes salt from seawater? A. ultraviolet radiation B. weathering of feldspars C. evaporation of elements near arid coastal regions D. consumption of sediments by bottom- feeding organisms

answer

C. evaporation of elements near arid coastal regions

question

Sequence the stages of water- mass movement. -Cold, salty water sinks -Sea ice forms during the winter -Salty water migrates along the ocean floor toward the equator -Salt ions accumulate beneath the ice

answer

-1. sea ice forms during winter -2. salt ions accumulate beneath the ice -3. cold, salty water sinks -4. salty water migrates along the ocean floor toward the equator

question

Describe the rhythmic movement of a wave. What is the direction of its energy?

answer

In a wave, water moves downward in circles that decrease in size with depth. At a depth equal to half its wavelength water movement stops. Wave energy moves steadily forward.

question

What is the highest point of the wave called?

answer

The crest

question

What is the lowest point of a wave called?

answer

The trough

question

What is the vertical distance between the highest and lowest points of a wave?

answer

wave height

question

What is the horizontal difference between the top of one wave and the top of the next?

answer

wavelength

question

What is the relationship between the wave speed in deep water and wavelength?

answer

The wavelength determines the depth to which the wave disturbs the water. Wave speed increases with wavelength.

question

How does an ocean wave become a breaker at the shoreline?

answer

An ocean wave becomes a breaker at the shoreline as the waves lose energy because of friction with the ocean bottom. This causes the waves to slow. Incoming wave crests gradually catch up with the slower wave crests ahead. As a result, the wave length decreases. The incoming waves become higher, steeper, and unstable, and their crests collapse forward. The collapsing waves are breakers.

question

Gravitational and centrifugal forces, spring tides, neap tides, tide, or tidal range: Periodic rise and fall of sea level

answer

tide

question

Gravitational and centrifugal forces, spring tides, neap tides, tide, or tidal range: Difference between high tide and low tide

answer

tidal range

question

Gravitational and centrifugal forces, spring tides, neap tides, tide, or tidal range: Forces exerted by the Sun and the Moon that generate tidal bulges

answer

gravitational and centrifugal forces

question

Gravitational and centrifugal forces, spring tides, neap tides, tide, or tidal range: Type of tide with the highest high tides and lowest low tides.

answer

spring tides

question

Gravitational and centrifugal forces, spring tides, neap tides, tide, or tidal range: Type of tide that occurs when the Sun, the Moon, and Earth form a right angle

answer

neap tides

question

True or False: A current caused by difference in the temperature and salinity of ocean water is called a *gyre.*

answer

False: density current

question

True or False: Surface currents are caused by *wind*

answer

True

question

True or False: The gyres of the northern hemisphere circulate in a *counterclockwise* direction

answer

False: Clockwise

question

True or False: Examples of warm, poleward- flowing currents are the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio Current.

answer

True

question

In addition to moving horizontally, ocean water moves _____.

answer

vertically

question

The upward motion of ocean water is called _____.

answer

upwelling

question

Upwelling waters originate from the bottom of the ocean and are ____.

answer

cold

question

Areas of upwelling exist mainly off the western coast of continents in the _____ belts.

answer

trade-wind

question

The trade winds blow surface water ___, and the surface water is replaced by upwelling deep water.

answer

offshore

question

Upwelling waters are rich in _____, which support abundant marine life populations.

answer

nutrients

Chapter 15- Science – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards