Chapter 15: Energy and Chemical Change – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state
answer
Thermodynamics
question
energy stored in chemical bonds
answer
Chemical Potential Energy
question
When breaking bonds, it uses (costs) energy. When creating bonds, it releases (gives) energy.
answer
Energy exchange
question
A mixture or compound
answer
What has a higher potential energy than an element?
question
Heat released.
answer
Exothermic
question
Heat gained
answer
Endothermic
question
H
answer
Enthalpy is what letter?
question
S
answer
Entropy is what letter?
question
G
answer
Gibb's Free Energy is what letter?
question
A system wants to decrease its energy, which is stressful to hold.
answer
What is the principle of natural order?
question
At constant pressure, a change in enthalpy equals the energy flow as heat
answer
Enthalpy definition
question
Endothermic
answer
If heat is added to the right of an equation, it is. . .
question
Exothermic
answer
If heat is added to the left of an equation, it is. . .
question
Exothermic
answer
-ΔH ("If Delta H is negative")
question
Endothermic
answer
+ΔH ("If Delta H is positive")
question
A law used to determine the ΔH of a problem by combining several more manageable equations into one.
answer
Hess' Law
question
ΣΔHd (reactants) - ΣΔHd (products) ("The Sum of the change of the empalthy of the dissociation energies of the reactants minus the The Sum of the change of the empalthy of the dissociation energies of the products")
answer
What is the equation to find a ΔH?
question
The tendency for all things in the universe to go into chaos.
answer
Entropy definition
question
The Universe is becoming constantly more chaotic.
answer
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
question
Reaction occurs automatically and quickly
answer
Spontaneity
question
Reaction occurs only with energy and often occurs slowly.
answer
Non-Spontaneity
question
S*Solid < S*Liquid << S*Gas
answer
What is the order of the spontaneity of the phases of matter?
question
A mixture of gases
answer
What is more entropic than a binary gas?
question
Enthalpy
answer
What fights Entropy?
question
Entropy
answer
What fights Enthalpy?
question
ΣΔS (products) - ΣΔS (reactants)
answer
What is the equation for ΔS?
question
Spontaneity
answer
What does a large ΔS favor?
question
Non-Spontaneity
answer
What does a small ΔS favor?
question
Gibb's Free Energy Equation
answer
What equation does one use to figure out "fo-sho legit" what is the spontaneity?
question
It becomes spontaneous
answer
What happens when you flip a non-spontaneous reaction?
question
Non-spontaneous
answer
-ΔG means?
question
Spontaneous
answer
+ΔG means?
