Chapter 13: The Nervous System – Flashcards
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Synapse
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space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor
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Homeostasis
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maintaining a constant internal environment
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radiculitis
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inflammation of the root of the spinal nerve
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meninges
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three layered membrane lining the CNS
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myelin
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protective sheath that covers some nerve cells of the spinal cord, white matter of the brain, and most perioheral nerves
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sympathetic
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division of the autonomic nervous system that is concerned with body functions under emergency or stress
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plexus
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network of intersecting nerves
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efferent
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type of neuron that carries impulses away from the CNS and toward the muscle
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reflex
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an automatic, involuntary response to change
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cerebrum
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largest portion of the brain that is involved with thought and memory
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gyri
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elevated portions of the cerebral cortex
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analgesia
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meaning without pain
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poliomyelitis
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inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
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ataxia
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with coordination or stumbling
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ganglion
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knotlike mass of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system
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obtunded
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depressed animal
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meningitis
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inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
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knuckling
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conscious proprioceptive deficit
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chiasm
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crossing
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ventricles
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small cavities in the brain
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conscious
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awake, aware, and responsive; also know as alert
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BAR
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bright, alert, responsive
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coma
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deep state of unconsciousness
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lethargy
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drowsiness, indifference, and listlessness
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disorientation
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condition in which the animal appears mentally confused
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stupor
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impaired consciousness with unresponsive to stimuli
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stimulus
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something that excites or activates
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soma
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cell body
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impulse
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wave of excitation transmitted through nerve tissue
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neuroglia
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supportive cells of the nervous system
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myoclonus
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repetitive, rhythmic contraction of limb or facial muscles
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proprioceptive
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spatial orientation or perception of movement
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myelography
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diagnostic radiographic study of spinal cord after injection of contrast material into the subarachnoid space
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neurotomy
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surugical insertion or dissection of a nerve
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ipsilateral
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the same side
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astrocyte
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star-shaped cell
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ictus
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period of actual seizure
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neuralgia
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nerve pain
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myelitis
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inflammation of the spinal cord
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ptosis
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prolapse or drooling
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hyperkinesis
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increased motor function or activity
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hemiparesis
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weakness of one side of the body
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concussion
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shaking of brain caused by injury
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microcephaly
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abnormally small skull
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narcolepsy
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syndrome of recurrent uncontrollable sleep episodes
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parasthesia
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abnormal sensation
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neuroplasty
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surgical repair of a nerve
