Chapter 12: Leadership And Followership Test Questions – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Learning Objectives
answer
Discuss the differences between leadership and management and between leaders and managers. Explain the role of trait theory in describing leaders. Describe the role of foundational behavioral research in the development of leadership theories. Describe and compare the four contingency theories of leadership. Discuss the recent developments in leadership theory of leader-member exchange and inspirational leadership. Discuss how issues of emotional intelligence, trust, gender, and servant leadership are informing today's leadership models. Define followership and identify different types of followers. Synthesize historical leadership research into key guidelines for leaders.
question
Leadership
answer
The process of guiding and directing the behavior of people in the work environment
question
Formal Leadership
answer
The officially sanctioned leadership based on the authority of a formal position
question
Informal Leadership
answer
The unofficial leadership accorded to a person by other members of the organization
question
Learning Outcome 1
answer
Discuss the differences between leadership and management and between leaders and management
question
Management
answer
-Planning and Budgeting -Organizing and Staffing -Controlling and problem solving
question
Leadership
answer
-Setting a direction for the organization -Aligning people with that direction -Motivating people
question
Managers
answer
Advocate stability and the status quo
question
Leaders
answer
Agitate for change and new approaches
question
Manager Attitudes towards goals
answer
Has an -impersonal -passive -functional attitude -believes goals rise out of necessity and reality
question
Leader Attitude towards goal
answer
Has a -personal -active attitude -believes goals arise from desire and imagination
question
Manager Conceptions of work
answer
Views work as an enabling process that combines people, ideas and things Seeks moderate risk through coordination and balance
question
Leader Conceptions of work
answer
Looks for fresh approaches to old problems Seeks high risk positions, especially with high payoffs
question
Manager Relationships with others
answer
Avoids solitary work activity, preferring to work with others Avoids close, intense relationships Avoids conflicts
question
Leader Relationship with others
answer
Is comfortable in solitary work activity Encourages close, intense working relationships Is not conflict averse
question
Manager Sense of self
answer
-Is once born -Makes straight-forward life adjustment -Accepts life as it is
question
Leader Sense of self
answer
-Is twice born -Engages in a struggle for a sense of order in life -questions life
question
Learning Outcome 2
answer
Explain the role of trait theory in describing leaders
question
Early Trait Theories
answer
Distinguished leaders by: -Physical attributes -Personality characteristics -Abilities (speech fluency, social skills, insight)
question
Learning Outcome 3
answer
Describe the role of foundational behavioral research in the development of leadership theories
question
Lewin On Leadership
answer
Autocratic Style Democratic Style Laissez-Faire Style
question
Autocratic Style
answer
The leader uses strong, directive actions to control the rules, regulations, activities and relationships in the work environment
question
Democratic Style
answer
The leader uses interaction and collaboration with followers to direct the work and work environment
question
Lassiez-Faire Style
answer
The leader has a hands-off approach
question
Ohio State Studies
answer
Initiating Structure Consideration
question
Initiating Structure
answer
Leader behavior aimed at defining the organizing work relationships and roles; establishing clear patters of organization, communication and ways of getting things done
question
Consideration
answer
Leader behavior aimed at nurturing friendly, warm working relationships, as well as encouraging mutual trust and interpersonal respect within the work unit
question
Michigan Studies
answer
Production-Oriented Leader Employee-Oriented Leader
question
Production-Oriented Leader
answer
-Focus- getting things done -Uses direct, close supervision -Many written or unwritten rules
question
Employee-Oriented Leader
answer
-Focus-relationships -Less direct, close supervision -Fewer written or unwritten rules -Displays concern for people and their needs
question
Leadership Grid
answer
An approach to understanding a leader's or manager's concern for results (production) and concern for people
question
Organization Man
answer
(5,5) Middle of the road leader
question
Authority Compliance Manager
answer
(9,1) A leader who emphasizes efficient production
question
Country Club Manager
answer
(1,9) A leader who has great concern for people and little concern for production Attempts to avoid conflict and seeks to be well liked
question
Team Manager
answer
(9,9) A leader who builds a highly productive team of committed people
question
Impoverished Manager
answer
(1,1) A leader who exerts just enough effort to get by
question
Paternalistic "father knows best" Manager
answer
A leader who promises reward and threatens punishment
question
Opportunistic "what's in it for me" Manager
answer
A leader whose style aims to maximize self-benefit
question
Learning Outcome 4
answer
Describe and compare the four contingency theories of leadership
question
Fiedler's Contingency Theory
answer
Fit between leader's need structure and favorableness of leader's situation determine the team's effectiveness -Least Preferred Coworker(LPC) -High LPC -Low LPC
question
Least Preferred Coworker
answer
The single person a leader has least preferred to work with
question
High LPC
answer
Leaders who describe Least Preferred Coworker in positive terms
question
Low LPC
answer
Leaders who describe Least Preferred Coworker in negative terms
question
Situation Favorableness
answer
Three elements to leader's situation: Task structure Position Power Leader-member relations
question
Favorable leadership situation
answer
Structured task for the work group Strong position power for leader Good leader-member relations
question
Unfavorable leadership situation
answer
Unstructured task Weak position power for leader Poor leader-member relations
question
Leadership Effectiveness in the Contingency Theory
answer
Slide 24
question
Vroom-Yetton-Jago Normative Decision Model
answer
Decide Consult Individuality Consult Group Facilitate Delegate **Manager should use the decision method most appropriate for a given situation**
question
Learning Outcome 5
answer
Discuss the recent developments in leadership theory of leader-member exchange and inspirational leadership
question
Leader-Member Exchange
answer
Leaders form two groups of followers: -In-groups -Out-groups
question
In-Groups
answer
-Members similar to leader -Given greater responsibilities, rewards, attention -Within leader's inner circle of communication -High job satisfaction and organizational commitment, low turnover -Stress from added responsibilities
question
Out-Groups
answer
-Managed by formal rules and policies -Given less attention, fewer rewards -Outside the leader's communication circle -More likely to retaliate against the organization -Stress from being left out of communication network
question
Inspirational Leadership
answer
Transformational Leadership Charismatic Leadership Authentic Leadership
question
Transformational Leadership
answer
Transformational leaders inspire and excite followers to high level of performance Climbing a mountain
question
Charismatic Leadership
answer
Charismatic leaders use the force of personal abilities and talents to handle profound effects on followers Superhero
question
Authentic Leadership
answer
Have a conscious and well-developed sense of values and act in ways that are consistent to their value systems
question
Learning Outcome 6
answer
Discuss how issues of emotional intelligence, trust, gender and servant leadership are informing today's leadership models
question
Emerging Issues in Leadership
answer
Emotional INtelligence Trust Gender and Leadership Servant Leadership Abusive Supervision
question
Beyond the Book
answer
The success may lie in a female management style - thinking long term, avoiding risk and emphasizing collaboration and consensus.
question
Learning Outcome 7
answer
Define followership and identify different types of followers
question
Followership
answer
Traditionally, followers viewed as passive More contemporary views cast follower as active role with potential for leadership
question
Five Types of Followers
answer
Alienated Effective Survivors Sheep Yes
question
Learning Outcome 8
answer
Synthesize historical leadership research into key guidelines for leaders
question
Guidelines for Leadership
answer
-Leaders and org should appreciate the unique attributes, predispositions and talents of each leader -Leaders should be chosen who challenge the organizational style without destroying it. -Participative, considerate leadership enhances the health and well-being of followers. -Different leadership situations call for different leadership talents and behaviors. -Good leaders are likely to be good followers.
