Chapter 12- Alcohols – Flashcards
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What is the functional group of an alcohol?
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OH (Hydroxyl) is the functional group of what class?
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Alcohols have an abnormally high or low boiling point? Why?
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High- Due to hydrogen bonding
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As the length of the carbon chain of an alcohol increases the solubility in water increases or decreases?
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Decreases
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Draw the structure for 3-methyl-2-butanol
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Name this structure
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Give the IUPAC Name for: CH?CH?CH?CH?CH?CH?CH?OH
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Write the compound formula for: 1-Heptanol
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Give the IUPAC and Common Name For: CH?CH(OH)CH?
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Write the compound formula for Isopropyl Alcohol/2-propanol
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Give the IUPAC Name for: CH?CH(CH?)CH?OH
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Write the compound formula for: 2-methyl-1-propanol
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Draw the structure for 2-butanol and classify the alcohol
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Name the structure of this secondary alcohol
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Draw the structure for 4-methyl-2-hexanol and classify the alcohol
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Give the name of this secondary alcohol
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Draw the structure of 2-methyl-2-pentanol and classify the alcohol
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Give the name of this tertiary alcohol
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Draw the structure of 1,3-cyclohexanediol and classify the alcohol
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Give the name of this alcohol
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What is the major product formed when hydrating 1-pentene?
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2-pentanol
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What is the major product formed when hydrating 3-methyl-1-butene?
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3-methyl-2-butanol
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What is the major product formed when hydrating 3-ethyl-1-hexene?
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3-ethyl-2-hexanol
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What is the major product formed when hydrating 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene?
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3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol
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What is the major product formed when dehydrating 2-pentanol?
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2-pentene
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What is the major product formed when dehydrating 2-butanol?
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2-butanol
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What is the major product formed when dehydrating 3-methyl-1-pentanol?
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3-methyl-1-pentene
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What is the major product formed when dehydrating 4-chloro-2-pentanol?
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4-chloro-2-pentene
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Draw the structure of the product of the oxidation of 2-methyl-2-pentanol
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No Reaction
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What class of compounds is represented by the general formula RSH?
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What is the general formula for Thiols?
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What is the general formula for all ethers?
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What compounds have a general formula of ROR?
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What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH?CH?CH?OH?
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What is the compound formula for 1-propanol?
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What is the common name of 1,2,3-propanetriol?
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What is the compound formula for Glycerol?
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What is the major product formed when hydrogenating 2-butanone?
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2-butanol
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What class of alcohol will not undergo oxidation under normal conditions?
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Tertiary alcohols will OR will not undergo oxidation under normal conditions?
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Which product of the oxidation of ethanol causes many of the symptoms of the "morning after hangover"?
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Ethanal or Acetylaldehyde
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Name the two classes of compounds formed in the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols:
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Aldehydes and Ketones
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Why do alcohols boil at higher temperatures than hydrocarbons or ethers of similar molecular weight?
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They are polar and can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds
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Draw the structure of Toluene
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Name this structure
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Draw the structure of Benzene
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Name this structure
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Draw an example of a phenyl group
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What is this group called?
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Draw the structure of cyclohexanol
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Name this structure
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Draw the structure of phenol
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Name this structure
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Draw the structure of 3-methylcyclohexanol
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Name this structure
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Oxidation is what?
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Loss of 2 hydrogens OR gain of oxygen is called what?
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Reduction is what?
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Loss of oxygen OR gain of 2 hydrogens is called what?
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When you react two alcohols what is formed?
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Ether
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Why do alcohols have abnormally high boiling points?
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They have the ability to hydrogen bond
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Alcohols containing more than one OH group are called what?
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-diols, -triols
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What is the name of an OH group?
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What is a hydroxyl group?
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As molecular weight increases, alcohols become ___________ in water?
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Less soluble
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Ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbons in the chain determines what?
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Solubility
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What is the IUPAC name for antifreeze (ethylene glycol)?
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What is the common name of 1,2-Ethanediol?
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Who's rule states "...the product that gives the highest number of carbons attached to the double bonds is the preferred product"
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What is Zaitsev's rule?
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Phenols are _______ alcohols
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Aromatic
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Draw the structure for isopropyl-methyl-ether
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Name this structure
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Draw the structure of ethyl-phenyl-ether
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Name this structure
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