Chapter 10-Imperialism (US History 11) – Flashcards
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What is imperialism?
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Political and economic domination of weaker nations by stronger ones.
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What were the two main reasons for becoming an imperial nation?
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New markets and feeling of superiority.
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What was Anglo-Saxonism?
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Belief that English-speaking nations had better character, ideas, and systems of government, and were destined to dominate the planet.
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Who was Commodore Matthew Perry and why was he significant?
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American naval officer who led the squadron of ships that forced Japan to open trade with the United States.
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Why would an island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean be useful to America?
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As a refueling station and base for our navy - would allow us to project power in Asia.
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What crop was crucial to the economies in both Hawaii and Cuba?
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sugar
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Who was Queen Liliuokalani?
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Hawaiian queen who tried to resist U.S. control and reassert her people's independence.
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Did President Cleveland support the annexation of Hawaii? Why or why not?
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No. He knew the islands had been taken by force and believed that was wrong.
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Which major American company dominated large parts of Latin America in the early 1900s?
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United Fruit Company.
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Who was Alfred Thayer Mahan, and why was he important?
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American naval officer who wrote a book that convinced the U.S. government to build a powerful new navy - led to us taking the Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii.
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Cuba was a colony of which nation?
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Spain.
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Which economic crisis in the United States greatly affected the Cuban economy?
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Panic of 1893
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Who was William Randolph Hearst?
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Founder of yellow journalism paper the New York Journal. Famous for saying "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war."
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Who was Joseph Pulitzer?
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Founder of the yellow journalism New York World. Helped cause war with Spain by publishing the de Lome letter.
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What was "yellow journalism?"
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Sensationalistic news reporting, more concerned with selling papers than being accurate.
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Which American political figure said, "I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one?"
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Teddy Roosevelt
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To keep the Cubans in a place where Spanish troops could watch them, the Spanish used the controversial tactic of putting Cubans in special camps. What were they called?
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Concentration camps (reconcentrados)
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How did Americans react to this Spanish strategy?
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We were horrified, of course.
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Who was Emiliano Aguinaldo?
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Leader of the Filipino independence movement, first against Spain and then the U.S.
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I thought we were about to fight this war to free Cuba. Why are the Philippines involved?
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It was a Spanish colony as well. We fought there because we were fighting Spain.
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Which two events roused American public opinion enough for war?
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The de Lome letter and (2) the explosion of the Maine.
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The Battle of San Juan Hill made which American politician a war hero?
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Teddy Roosevelt
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How long did the Spanish-American War last?
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4 months.
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How did the Philippines react to becoming an American colony?
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They fought back.
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To keep our eye on rebellious Filipinos, which tactic did we adopt? (hint: it was a tactic the Spanish used in Cuba.)
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Concentration camps
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What was the Platt Amendment, and how was it related to Cuba's independence?
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Amendment that put serious restrictions on Cuban "independence." We continued to have a great deal of control over Cuba.
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How did Roosevelt describe his approach to foreign policy?
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Speak softly and carry a big stick.
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The policy in which the United States pressured other nations to agree to leave Chinese trade open equally to everyone was known as what?
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Open Door Policy.
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According to Roosevelt, when was it okay for the United States to intervene in Latin America?
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When there was a threat to the stability of the region, especially disputes between European nations and Latin American nations.
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Why did the United States support the independence of Panama from Colombia?
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So we could build the Panama Canal.
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ESSAY QUESTION- Did the media cause the Spanish-American War?
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Be prepared to write a 5-7 sentence response.
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ESSAY QUESTION- Can imperialism ever be justified? If yes, explain when it can be, and analyze whether U.S. imperialism was justified based on your criteria. If no, explain how American imperialism is an example of why imperialism is wrong.
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Be prepared to write a 5-7 sentence response.
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ESSAY QUESTION- Was the Spanish-American War and its aftermath (Philippine-American War, Latin American policy, Platt Amendment) a betrayal of American ideals?
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Be prepared to write a 5-7 sentence response.
