Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division vocabulary – Flashcards
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cell division
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process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
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interphase
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period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
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mitosis
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part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
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cytokinesis
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division of the cytoplasm during cell division
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prophase
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the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
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metaphase
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chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
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anaphase
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chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
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telophase
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chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
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chromatid
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one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
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centromere
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area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
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cell cycle
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series of events that cells go through as they go and divide
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centriole
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one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
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spindle
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fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
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cyclin
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regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
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cancer
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a disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth
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kinetochore
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a specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle.
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cleavage furrow
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the division in animal cell cytoplasm caused by the pinching in of the cell membrane
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g1 phase
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cells grows
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s phase
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chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of DNA molecules take place
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g2 phase
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many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced
