Chapter 10 AP FINALS – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Typical middle schools comprise grades
answer
c. 6th to 8th
question
Middle school represents a challenge for adolescents because
answer
b. rather than spending the day in a self contained classroom, students move from one class to another
question
Middle school represents a challenge for adolescents because
answer
b. they are typically the youngest and least experiences and at the bottom of the status hierarchy
question
Junior high schools were typically comprised of grades
answer
a. 7th to 8th
question
One reason for the development of junior high schools was that
answer
c. concerns arose that students were not starting college preparation early enough and earlier and more rigorous training was needed
question
Dissatisfaction with junior high schools began to increase because it was argued that
answer
a. the developmental stage of early adolescence required a different form of education from that supplied to older adolescents
question
Which of the following is NOT one of the 8 principles that underlie good education for adolescents in middle schools?
answer
c. Provide opportunities for students to learn to succeed through independent learning where students achieve a goal without the assistance from other students
question
Proponents of middle school suggested that schools needed to go beyond the subject matter curriculum and engage students socially and emotionally, addressing the needs of the __ child.
answer
d. whole
question
Middle school advocates promoted an emphasis on __ learning, in which students are given the opportunity to participate in hands on learning experience, identifying principles on their own through experimentation.
answer
a. discovery
question
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of middle schools?
answer
b. Middle school students fare much worse than students in other school configurations, such as junior high schools
question
One reason for the discouraging research results about the effectiveness of middle schools may be that
answer
d. the middle school philosophy may not have been fully implemented in many schools.
question
An approach to education, known as the __ model, suggests that the goal of education is to assimilate individual cultural identities into a unique, unified American culture.
answer
a. cultural assimilation
question
Which model of education would discourage non-English speaking students from speaking their native tongues and totally immerse those students in English?
answer
a. cultural assimilation
question
An approach to education, known as the __ model, suggests that American society is made up of diverse, coequal cultural groups that should preserve their individual cultural features
answer
c. pluralistic society
question
Advocates of the __ model argued that teachers, by discouraging students' use of their native tongues, denigrated students' cultural heritages and lowered their self esteem.
answer
c. pluralistic society
question
An approach to education, known as the __ model attempts to help minority students develop competence in the culture of the majority group while maintaining positive group identities that build on their original cultures
answer
d. multicultural
question
A pluralistic society model for education is likely to promote a __ identity among students, a dual identity in which adolescents maintain their original cultural identities while also integrating themselves into the dominant culture
answer
c. bicultural
question
Adolescents ho enter school with little or no English proficiency, known as ___, must learn both the standard curriculum and the language in which that curriculum is taught
answer
a. English language learners
question
One approach to educating students who don't at first speak english is ___ education, in which adolescents are initially taught in their native language
answer
c. bilingual
question
The Ultimate goal of bilingual education is to
answer
c. gradually shift instruction into English
question
Which of the following is NOT true about knowing more than one language?
answer
d. knowing more than one language slows the important process of assimilation into American culture and as a result lowers adolescents' self esteem
question
Knowing more than one language likely
answer
c. is related to higher scores on tests of intelligence
question
The term__ refers to a major education phenomenon in which students are taught not by teachers in schools but by their parents in their own homes
answer
a. home schooling
question
One drawback to homeschooling is that it may
answer
d. limit social interaction with groups of adolescents that is inherent in classrooms in traditional schools
question
About __ of U.S. high school students graduate
answer
78%
question
High school students from middle- and high -SES homes are more likely than those from low SES homes to
answer
c. score higher on achievement tests
question
Which of the following is NOT a reason that students from middle - and high- SES homes achieve at higher levels than those from low-SES schools
answer
a. they may be more likely to be home schooled
question
Adolescents from poor families may lack __, the learned expectation that one is capable of carrying out a behavior or producing a desired outcome in a particular situation
answer
b. self efficacy
question
Adolescents high in self efficacy may
answer
d. exert more effort and show more persistence when face with challenging tasks
question
John Ogbu suggested that the motivation of African American adolescents to succeed may be the result of
answer
d. involuntary immigration of their ancestors who came to the U.S. as slaves
question
One factor in the differential success of various ethnic and racial groups has to do with academic __-- their explanations of the reasons behind academic success
answer
a. attributions
question
Students are more likely to do better in school if they believe that success is the result of
answer
a. temporary situational factors such as how hard they work
question
In contrast to mothers, teachers, and students in the U.S., those in Japan And Taiwan all believe strongly that
answer
b. students in a typical class have the same amount of ability
question
In contrast to mothers, teachers and students in Japan and Taiwan, those in the U.S. believe strongly that
answer
a. there are significant differences in ability among students in a typical class
question
According to some developmentalists, different __ orientations may explain the fact that asian students frequently outperform american students in intenternational comparisons of student achievement
answer
a. attributional
question
Being pushed to attend a __ school is one type of intense pressure under which Asian children are often place
answer
c. cram
question
Which of the following was NOT a finding of the study by David Crystal and colleagues?
answer
d. Asian students experienced high levels of depression than their US counterparts
question
As compared to Asian students, U.S. students may
answer
a. view academics as only one of many spheres in which they need to achieve
question
Males make up about __ of the college population
answer
44%
question
Boys are __ likely to be placed in special education classes
answer
a. twice as
question
One factor that may contribute to declining male academic performance may be
answer
d. curriculum reforms that that have cut back on physical education and sports
question
The phenomenon referred to as the __ refers to the cycle of behavior in which a teacher transmits an expectation about a student and there by actually brings about the expected behavior
answer
c. self fulfilling prophecy
question
High school dropouts earn __ less than high school graduates
answer
a. 42%
question
High school dropouts earn __ less than high school gradates
answer
42%
question
The unemployment rate for high school dropouts is
answer
50%
question
About __ of the school age population is considered mentally retarded
answer
a. 1-3%
question
The disability __ is characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior involving conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills.
answer
b. mental retardation
question
One problem with the definition of mental retardation is that
answer
b. it included many adolescents who experts believe should not be classified as mentally retarded
question
People whose IQ scores range from 50 to 55 are classified as having __ retardation
answer
d. mild
question
Typically, the retardation of people with __ retardation is not even identified before they reach school, other their early development is often slower than average.
answer
d. mild
question
People whose IQ scores range from 35 or 40 to 50 or 55 are classified as having __ retardation
answer
b. sever
question
People with __ retardation are slow to develop language skills, and their motor development is also affected, although they are capable of learning occupational and social skills and can learn to travel independently to familiar places
answer
a. moderate
question
The intent of Public Law 94-124 the Education for ALL Handicapped Children Act, in the mid 1970s was to ensure students with special needs received a full education in the __ environment, the setting most similar to that of students without special needs.
answer
d. least restrictive
question
The practical implication of Public Law 94-124 is that students with special needs must be
answer
a. integrated into regular classrooms and regular activities to the greatest extence possible as long as doing so is educationally beneficial
question
An educational practice referred to as __ is an attempt to integrate exceptional students as much as possible into traditional educational system and provide them with a broad range of educational alternatives.
answer
b. mainstreaming
question
An advantage of mainstreaming is that
answer
c. excpetional students are __ to the greatest extent possible- provied opportunities to choose their goals on the basis of a full education
question
An educational practice referred to as __ integrates all students even those with the most sever disabilities into regular classes
answer
a. full inclusion
question
Children who are __ give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, leadership capacity, or specific academic field
answer
c. gifted and talented
question
An approach to the education of gifted and talented students is ___ which allows sutdents to move ahead at their own pace, even if this means skipping to higher grade levels
answer
a. acceleration
question
One approach to the education of gifted and talented students is __, which keeps students at grade level but are enrolled in special programs and given individual activities to allow greater depth of study on a given topic
answer
b. enrichment
question
Around __ of those who start college finish 4 years later with a degree
answer
a. 40%
question
The national dropout rate for African American college students is about
answer
d. 70%
question
In regard to gender in college classrooms
answer
c. men are more likely than women to receive extra help from professors outside of class
question
Psychologists Claude Steele has argued that because women are aware of society's sterotypes about achievement in particular domains, women
answer
d. may be hindered as they are distracted by the worries about the failure that society predicts for them
question
Steele suggested that African Americas may __ with acadmic success by putting forth less effort on academic tasks and gernally downgrading the importance of academic achievement
answer
b. disidentify
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New