Chapter 1 Governing Texas – Flashcards
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Political culture
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Broadly shared values,beliefs and attitudes about how the government should function and politics should operate. American political culture emphasizes the value of libery,equality, and democracy
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Moralistic political culture
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The belief that government should be active in promoting the public good and that citizens should participate in politics and civic activities to ensure that good
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Individualistic political culture
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The belief that government should limit its role to providing order in society, so that citizens can pursue their economic self interest Focuses more on commercial success NY PA OH IL NV
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Traditionalistic political culture
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The belief that government should be dominated by political elites and guided by tradition. Tx az fl ms al
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Elite
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A small group of people that dominates the political process
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Provincialism
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A narrow, limited, and self- interested view of the world
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North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA)
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Treaty among the United States ,Canada, and Mexico to lower and eliminate tariffs among the three countries
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Urbanization
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The process by which people move from rural areas to cities
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Political economy
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The complex interrelations between politics and the economy, as well as their effect on one another
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Texas traditionalistic , moralistic mix
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Low taxes and social service
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One parity state
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Democratic Party dominated Texas for over a century. -Held all statewide offices, won presidential elections -100 percent of state legislature -Today GOP dominates Texas politics -Democrats have not won statewide office since 1994
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Business dominance
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Union are mostly absent Consumer and environmental concerns not especially influences
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Provincialism
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-Low spending on social services and education -Intolerance of social hierarchy challenges, diversity -Associated with Jeffersonian notions of limited government and rural values
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The land
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Texas politics shaped by state geography -size,location,natural resources 2nd largest state 267,000 people
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UPE Houston
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-1800s economy based on commerce and cotton -Houston ship channel transformed the city to become a major metropolitan area -oil and natural gas expanded industry base -largest manufacturer of petroleum equipment -technological advance spurred economic growth. - NASA,The Texas medical center, nanotechnology
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UPE DALLAS
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Sat at intersection of two major railroads - transformed into a major commerce center Developed into financial center for the oil industry -additional economic bases: transportation,tech,retail
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UPE FORT WORTH
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Located at a resting spot for cattle herders -railroads were built to serve the cattle industry. Major military installation - helped developed the aviation industry
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UPE SAN ANTONIO
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Initially large city because it was the Capitol of Spanish Texas
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UPE Economic and bases today
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Military infrastructure - bases,civilian industry and support Tourism - most visited in the state,Alamo major attraction Medical
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Six flags
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1. Spain: 1519-1685 and 1690-1821 2. France: 1685-1690 3. Mexico: 1821-1836 4. Republic of Texas: 1836-1845 5. Confederacy: 1861-1865 6. United States: 1845-1861; and since 1865
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Three sources of population growth
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-Natural increase (births) -International immigration (outside the U.S.) -Domestic immigration (one U.S. state to another)
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NAFTA—North American Free Trade Agreement (1992)
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-Created free trade zone U.S., Canada, and Mexico -Texas increased exports to Mexico and Canada by $10b between 1992 and 1997. -24 out of 32 industries that export to Mexico saw double-digit gains
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Cattle ranching
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-Texas has dominated cattle ranching industry for over a century. •Vast space, land suited for grazing and growing specialized feed -Increasingly operated by large agribusinesses • Many located in Texas, or agreements with cattle ranchers in the state -Currently, only about 2 percent of Texas population is located on farms
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Cotton
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-Labor-intensive cultivation led to tenant farming and sharecropping. •A system of social and economic dependency that trapped many Texans in rural areas -Crop-lien system could easily place households in debt from which they could not escape •Radical political discontent in rural areas led to support for Grange and Populist movements
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Cotton cultivation began in the 1820s.
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•By 1880s, Texas was the largest producer. •Connected to national markets by railroads
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Three phases of technological change
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-Cotton and cattle -Oil -Technology innovations •Facilitated state strengths in high-tech industry, medical research, energy industry, and banking
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The land
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•Texas politics shaped by state geography -Size, location, natural resources •2nd largest state, 267,000 sq. miles -800 miles north to south (about 11 hrs. by car) -773 miles east to west (about 10.5 hrs. by car) •Largest border with foreign country •Gulf coast and rivers, fertile and desert land, plains and mountains, oil and natural gas
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Business dominance
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-Unions are mostly absent -Consumer and environmental concerns not especially influential
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Provincialism
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-Associated with Jeffersonian notions of limited government and rural values -Low spending on social services and education -Intolerant of social hierarchy challenges, diversity
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One-party state
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-Democratic Party dominated Texas for over a century. •Held all statewide offices, won presidential elections •100 percent of state legislature -Today, GOP dominates Texas politics. •Democrats have not won statewide office since 1994. •Texas legislature majority since 2002 -Democrats remain popular in Texas cities, though. •See congressional, state legislature, and county offices
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Texas traditionalistic-moralistic mix
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-Low taxes and social service provision -Business interests dominate policy
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Texas harder to generalize
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-Historical origins/development within state differ •Example: large cities (Houston, Dallas), border cities (El Paso, Laredo, Rio Grande Valley), rural regions sharply different histories, people, and industries
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Traditionalistic political culture
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-Rooted in plantation values of social hierarchy -Focused on tradition and maintaining existing social order (keep standing arrangements) -Politics engaged in by established wealthy families -Examples: TX, AZ, FL, MS, AL
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Individualistic political culture
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-Focuses more on commercial success -Government should provide order and protect property. -Bureaucracy viewed as interference -Less concern for mass participation in politics -Examples: NY, PA, OH, IL, NV
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Moralistic political culture
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-Rooted in New England Puritanism -The common good (expressed through politics) is everyone's concern. -Government should promote the public good. -Examples: MN, IA, WI, CA, WA, ME, VT, NH
