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Which of the following statements most accurately describes Native American peoples East of the Mississippi River?

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The increase in farming led to an emphasis on a matrilineal inheritance system.

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In 1450, most people in Western Europe were

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Peasants

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes indentured servitude in the Chesapeake colonies?

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A male servant could produce five times his purchase price in a year.

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On the eve of European colonization of the Americas, most Western Europeans lived in:

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Small, relatively isolated rural communities.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the role of religion in Western European life around 1450?

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Christian doctrine had penetrated deeply into the everyday lives of peasants.

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According to Puritan theology, God had:

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Chosen only a few men and women to be saved.

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The Crusades

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Broadened European intellectual and economic horizons for the privileged classes.

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The Pequots were the Native American tribe that:

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Sporadically attacked the New England Puritans and was almost exterminated by the settlers.

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As a result of the presence of French traders and explorers in the Great Lake region during the seventeenth century

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A devastating series of wars erupted among tribes vying for the opportunity to trade animal skins for European manufactured goods.

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The Dutch colony of New Netherland

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Flourished for a while as a fur-trading colony connected with the Iroquois confederacy.

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In the 1400s, West African peoples

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Were small farmers living in extended families.

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Before the Europeans made significant contact with West Africa

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Slavery existed, but slaves were often considered members of the society that enslaved them.

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The European trade in African slaves was initiated in the fifteenth century by the

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Portuguese

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The Mayan peoples of Mesoamerica

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Devised a calendar system that accurately predicted solar and lunar eclipses.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes Native Americans' response to enforced Christianization in the Spanish Franciscan missions during the seventeenth century?

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They tolerated the teachings of the missionaries but secretly turned to their traditional deities when disasters struck their communities.

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The Hopewell people were

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Mound-builders in the Mississippi Valley who flourished about A.D. 100-400.

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Christopher Columbus's success in reaching North America can be attributed primarily to his

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Luck, because he had seriously underestimated the size of the globe and the width of the Atlantic Ocean.

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The Spanish conquerors who followed Columbus to the Americas in the early sixteenth century were primarily driven by:

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A thirst for battle and riches, as well as land in the conquered territory and titles of nobility.

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Following the conquest of the Aztecs, the Spanish were able to extend their control mostly because of

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Smallpox and other epidemics.

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In contrast to the Spanish missionaries, the French Jesuits

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Tried to understand the Indians' values and worldview.

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One notable legacy of the encounter between Europe and America beginning with Columbus was the

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Spread of European and African crops and livestock to American and the simultaneous introduction of American flora and fauna to Europe and Africa.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the legacy of the Spanish conquest?

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The Spanish government and missionaries waged a campaign to suppress indigenous cultures.

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John Calvin and Calvinist theologians stressed

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The doctrine of predestination.

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King Henry VIII initiated the English Reformation by

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Declaring himself supreme head of the Church of England, but making few changes in traditional religious dogma, organization, or ritual.

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The term Price Revolution refers to:

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Runaway inflation in sixteenth-century Europe.

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By the 1560s, Spain's main policy in North America was to:

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Prevent other European states from establishing bases there which could threaten Spain's power.

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The early seventeenth-century English settlement in Virginia at first was a:

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Corporate colony with many investors.

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Powhatan, leader of a confederation of about two dozen tribes in Virginia

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Agreed to cooperate with the English, but treated them as his subjects.

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Early European contact with West Africa

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Stimulated West Africa trade networks in metals and other goods.

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During their first couple of years in the Jamestown colony, the English migrants

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Suffered from diseases that killed half the population.

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Lord Baltimore, the proprietor of Maryland, established that colony as a haven for

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Catholics, but ordered toleration for Protestants.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterize the response of England to tobacco from the New World?

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Men and women developed an insatiable demand, despite the King's prohibition.

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Politically, Renaissance-era Western Europe witnessed a

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Consolidation of royal power in England, Spain, and France.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes life in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake region?

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Disease took such a toll that most families were disrupted early, and rarely did both parents survive to see their children reach adulthood.

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For the servants themselves, indentured servitude was:

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A harsh experience, as the majority either died before they attained freedom or remained poor afterward.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the way in which Indians north or the Rio Grande lived at the time of European contact?

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Depending on regional environmental conditions, Indian societies included hunter-gatherer bands, settled agricultural communities, migrating communities, and self-governing tribes.

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Which of the following statements most accurately describes Africans in Virginia after the 1660s?

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Africans found themselves more entrenched in slavery as a permanent condition.

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Typically, when an English woman of the fifteenth century married, she

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Gave up ownership of her property.

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The Spanish Franciscan missionaries

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Tried to enforce cultural assimilation along with religious conversion of indigenous peoples.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the goals of the Dutch in establishing settlements in North America?

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Commerce rather than conversion was the chief aim of the Dutch in the New World.

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Bacon's Rebellion

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Showed how dissatisfied the western settlers of Virginia had become with the emerging planter-merchant elite.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the Plymouth colony?

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Unlike the adventures who settled Virginia, the Pilgrims built small, solid houses and planted ample crops.

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When they settled in the New World, the Puritans

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Pictured themselves as a select few chosen by God to preserve true Christianity in America.

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Puritan magistrates were angry with Anne Hutchinson because she:

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Claimed that believers received direct revelation from God.

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The social order in Europe around 1450 is most accurately described as:

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Hierarchical and authoritarian.

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The largest landholdings in seventeenth-century New England towns belonged to the wealthier or more influential families chiefly because:

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Men of higher social status tended to receive the largest land allotments from their towns.

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the New England Puritans' attitude and/or behavior toward Native Americans?

answer

The Puritans demanded that Indian converts conform to English customs and master Puritan theology, and thus only a few Indians became full church members.

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As a result of the fur trade, most Indian tribes of the North America interior

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Were eager to control the fur trade to get European goods.

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The ancestors of the Native American people

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Migrated by land from northeastern Asia.

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Martin Luther believed that

answer

People should be saved only by grace, a gift of God.

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