Chap 19 blood questions 2 – Flashcards
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Except for __________, the following statements about blood are true. a.The viscosity is three to five times greater than water. b The pH is slightly acidic. c. It contains about 55% plasma. D. It contains dissolved gases.
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B
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The formed elements of blood consist of _________. A. platelets B. red blood cells C. white blood cells D. All of these are formed elements of blood.
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D
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Plasma makes up approximately what percentage of whole blood?
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55%
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Except for the amount of __________, plasma and interstitial fluid differ little in composition. A. water B. protein C. glucose D. sodium ion
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B
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The most abundant solute in plasma is __________.
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protein
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What is the role of transferrin in the cycle shown above?
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It transports iron ions in the plasma.
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Which of the labels in the figure indicate a cell normally found in the circulating blood?
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reticulocyte
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Red blood cells (RBCs) are removed from the circulation after about __________.
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120 days
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Red blood cells carry __________ to the lungs and __________ to the tissues.
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carbon dioxide; oxygen
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The most abundant protein in blood is __________.
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hemoglobin
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Reticulocyte is a stage in the development of __________.
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red blood cells
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The formed elements are largely produced within the __________.
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red bone marrow
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__________ stimulates production of red blood cells.
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erythropoietin
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What evidence in this figure indicates that this is not a first pregnancy?
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Presence of maternal anti-Rh antibodies Antibodies against Rh antigen are only generated after a first pregnancy.
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People with type "O" blood are considered "universal donors" for transfusions because __________.
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their blood lacks A and B antigens
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A person with a type A positive blood type can safely receive blood from all of these donors except __________.
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B positive
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Which of these is not a surface antigen found on red blood cells? A. Rh B. A C. B D. O
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D
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Which of these is characteristic of monocyte? A. Reduces inflammation B. Provides defense against specific antigens C. Releases cytotoxic enzymes D. Engulfs pathogens
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D
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Which of these is characteristic of eosinophil? A. Release histamine B. Releases cytotoxic enzymes C. Provides defense against specific antigens D. Reduces inflammation
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B, D
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Which of the formed element stem cells is developmentally the most different from the others?
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Lymphoblast Lymphoid stem cells differentiate separately from the myeloid stem cell, which gives rise to all the other blood cells.
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The white blood cell type that most rapidly increases in number after a bacterial infection is the __________.
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neutrophils
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Which of these statements about basophils is not true? A. They are abundant. B. They promote inflammation. C. They release histamine. D. They contain cytoplasmic granules.
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A
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Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulates production of __________. A. lymphocytes B. neutrophils C. monocytes D. platelets
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B
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The agranular leukocyte (agranulocyte) that is capable of phagocytosis is the __________. A. eosinophil B. lymphocyte C. monocyte D. neutrophil
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C
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Granulocytes are produced in __________. A. white bone marrow B. the liver and spleen C. the lymph nodes D. red bone marrow
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D
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The largest white blood cell in circulation is the __________. A. eosinophil B. lymphocyte C. neutrophil D. monocyte
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D
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If a patient has thrombocytopenia, the best therapy is infusion of __________.
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purified platelets
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An important function of thrombocytes is to __________. A. transport blood gases B. transport nutrients C. transport clotting factors D. transport thrombopoietin
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C
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Megakaryocytes are the source of __________.
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platelets
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Which of the pathways shown above will occur within a damaged vessel?
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Both the intrinsic and the common pathways
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Most of the plasma proteins required in the coagulation process are produced by __________.
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the liver
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During fibrinolysis __________.
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clots slowly dissolve
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The common pathway in coagulation ends with __________.
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conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin
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The enzyme that dissolves fibrin is named __________.
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plasmin
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The complex process that leads to the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen is called __________.
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coagulation
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Which of these phases is not part of hemostasis? A. erythropoiesis phase B. vascular phase C. coagulation phase D. platelet phase
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A
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Serum can't coagulate because the __________ has been removed.
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fibrinogen
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Which blood type is called the universal donor?
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Type O
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An individual whose blood type is AB negative can .
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receive any blood type except that with an Rh antigen
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Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes? A. they are nucleated B. they have cytoplasmic granules C. they are phagocytic D. they are the most numerous elements formed in blood
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A
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Tom's blood type is AB positive. What does this mean? A. antibodies to A and B are present in the plasma B. he can only receive blood from a donor who is AB positive C. there are no antibodies to A to B or to Rh antigens in the plasma D. his blood lacks the Rh factor
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C
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Platelets .
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stick to damaged areas of blood vessels and help seal the break
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Blood is classified as a(n) __________ tissue.
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Connective
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Which of the following cells are NOT found in the blood? A. Lymphocytes B. Thrombocytes (platelets) C. Leukocytes D. Chondrocytes E. Erythrocytes
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D
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Which type of cell functions to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body? Neutrophils Megakaryocytes Macrophages Basophils Erythrocytes
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Erythrocytes
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Plasma, the liquid portion of the blood, is mainly composed of _________________. Protein Electrolytes (Na+, Cl-, K+, etc.) Lipids Hormones Water
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Plasma is 92% water.
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Which of the following are functions of blood? Transport of nutrients, gases, ions, and wastes Coagulation Control of the chemical composition of interstitial fluid Immunity
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All are correct
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Visible cytoplasmic granules are NOT present in .
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monocytes and lymphocytes
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Visible cytoplasmic granules are present in .
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neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
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When viewing a blood smear under a microscope, the cells with the visible nuclei are ___________. platelets erythrocytes leukocytes none of the above
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leukocytes
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Which white blood cells are first to arrive at the site of a wound?
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neutrophils
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What white blood cells are most abundant in lymphoid tissue?
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lymphocytes
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_________________ is the substance of the red blood cell (erythrocyte) that binds to oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Hemoglobin
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Mature red blood cells that are in circulation are multinucleate. True or False
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false. Mature red blood cells are anucelate. During the maturation process, red blood cells lose their nucleus.
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Platelets, which are involved with blood clotting, are fragments of which cells?
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Megakaryocytes
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Which of the following cells are classified as lymphocytes?
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T cells, B cells
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When neither anti-A sera nor anti-B sera clump on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is Type .
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Type O
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Which type of blood is considered to be the universal recipient?
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Type AB
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Antibodies are proteins that can randomly bind to antigens. true or false
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false. Antibodies are protein molecules secreted by plasma B cells. Antibodies exhibit specificity and will bond only to certain antigens.
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A patient with type A blood will naturally produce antibodies for the A antigen. true or false
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False A patient with type A blood will express type A antigen on the surface of the red blood cells. A person with type A blood will produce antibodies to type B antigen.
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A person with which blood type is considered to be a universal donor?
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Type O- people with type O- blood can receive only type O- blood
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Which of the following scenarios may induce erythroblastosis fetalis?
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Rh-negative mother; Rh-positive fetus
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Administering _____________ can prevent an Rh-negative mother from producing anti-Rh antibodies (anti-D) following exposure to the Rh antigen.
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RhoGam
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A ________________ measures the percentage of total blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells.
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Hematocrit test
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A woman has a hematocrit of 25%. What does this indicate?
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Anemia normal hematocrit for a woman is between 37% and 47%
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A low hematocrit would impair which bodily function?
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Oxygen transport
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During coagulation, insoluble protein threads called ___________ trap platelets to help form a clot.
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Fibrin
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What is heparin?
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An anticoagulant
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A patient with a slower-than-normal coagulation time might be at risk for which of the following?
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Hemorrhage
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A hematocrit primarily measures the volume of .
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red blood cells
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What prevents blood from clotting?
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heparin
