question

Moves down slightly when it contracts

answer

diaphragm

question

Irregular breathing pattern with increased rate and depth followed by apnea

answer

Cheyne-Stokes

question

Active part of breathing

answer

Inhalation

question

Voice box

answer

larynx

question

Amount of air moved during one breath

answer

tidal volume

question

Raises ribs when it contracts

answer

intercostal muscle

question

Space between the lungs

answer

mediastinum

question

Site of oxygen diffusion

answer

alveoli

question

Thorax size decreases

answer

exhalation

question

Insufficient oxygen for cells and tissues

answer

hypoxia

question

Backup system to control respiration

answer

hypoxic drive

question

Exchange of air between lungs and the environment

answer

ventilation

question

What percentage of the air we breathe is made up of oxygen? a. 78% b. 12% c. 16% d. 21%

answer

D

question

Regarding the maintenance of the airway in an unconscious adult, which of the following is false? a. insertion of an oropharyngeal airway helps keep the airway open b. the head tilt-chin lift maneuver should always be used to open the airway c. secretions should be suctioned from the mouth, as necessary d. inserting a rigid suction catheter beyond the tongue may cause gagging

answer

B

question

The normal respiratory rate for an adult is: a. about equal to the person's heart rate b. 12 to 20 breaths/min c. faster when the person is sleeping d. the same as in infants and children

answer

B

question

All of the following are signs of hypoxia except: a. tachycardia b. dehydration c. cyanosis d. weak pulse

answer

B

question

The brain stem normally triggers breathing by increasing respirations when: a. carbon dioxide levels increase b. oxygen levels increase c. carbon dioxide levels decrease d. nitrogen levels decrease

answer

A

question

Which of the following is not a sign of abnormal breathing? a. warm, dry skin b. speaking in two- or three-word sentences c. unequal breath sounds d. skin pulling in around the ribs during inspiration

answer

A

question

The proper technique for sizing an oropharyngeal airway before insertion is to measure the device from: a. the tip of the nose to the earlobe b. the bridge of the nose to the tip of the chin c. the corner of the mouth to the earlobe d. the center of the jaw to the earlobe

answer

C

question

What is the most common problem you may encounter when using a bag-mask device? a. volume of the bag-mask device b. positioning of the patient's head c. environmental conditions d. maintaining an airtight seal

answer

D

question

When ventilating a patient with a bag-mask device, you should: a. look for inflation of the cheeks b. look for signs of the patient breathing on his or her own c. look for rise and fall of the chest d. listen for gurgling

answer

C

question

Suctioning the oral cavity of an adult should be accomplished within: a. 5 seconds b. 10 seconds c. 15 seconds d. 20 seconds

answer

C

question

Which of the following is the preferred method of assisting ventilations? a. mouth-to-mask with one-way valve b. two-person bag-mask device with reservoir and supplemental oxygen c. flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device d. one-person bag-mask device with oxygen reservoir and supplemental oxygen

answer

A

question

When a person goes __________ minutes without oxygen, brain damage is very likely. a.. 0-4 b. 4-6 c. 6-10 d. more than 10

answer

C

question

If your partner, while examining a patient, states that the patient's lungs are equal and bilateral, you would understand your partner to mean that: a. both lungs have labored breathing b. both lungs are equally bad c. the patient is not breathing d. there are clear and equal lung sounds on both sides

answer

D

question

What are agonal gasps? a. occasional gasping breaths, but adequate to maintain life b. occasional gasping breaths, unable to maintain life c. painful respirations due to broken ribs d. another name for ataxic respirations

answer

B

question

You come upon an unresponsive patient who is not injured and is breathing on her own with a normal rate and an adequate tidal volume. What would be the advantage of placing her in the recovery position? a. it's the preferred position of comfort for patients b. it helps to protect their cervical spine when injuries are hidden c. it helps to maintain a clear airway d. it's easier to load them onto the cot from this position

answer

C

question

T/F Nasal airways keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and facilitate suctioning of the oropharynx.

answer

F

question

T/F Nasal cannulas can deliver a maximum of 44% oxygen at 6 L/min.

answer

T

question

T/F Oral airways should be measure from the tip of the nose to the earlobe.

answer

F

question

T/F Compressed gas cylinders pose no unusual risk.

answer

F

question

T/F The pin-indexing system is used to ensure compatibility between pressure regulators and oxygen flowmeters.

answer

F

question

Air enters the body through the __________ _______ __________.

answer

mouth and nose

question

In exhalation, air pressure in the lungs is __________ than the pressure outside.

answer

higher

question

The air we breathe contains __________ percent oxygen and _________ percent nitrogen.

answer

21; 78

question

The primary mechanism for triggering breathing is the level of _________ __________ in the blood.

answer

carbon dioxide

question

During inhalation, the __________ and __________ _________ contract, causing the thorax to enlarge.

answer

diaphragm; intercostal muscles

question

Continuous __________ Airway __________ has proven to be immensely beneficial to patients experiencing respiratory distress from acute pulmonary edema or obstructive pulmonary disease.

answer

positive; pressure

question

Insufficient oxygen in the cells and tissues is called _________.

answer

hypoxia

question

Absence of spontaneous breathing

answer

apnea

question

The space in between the vocal cords that is the narrowest portion of the adult's airway

answer

glottis

question

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs

answer

oxygenation

question

A safety system for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas, is known as the _________ Standard System

answer

american

question

_________ pressure can be applied to occlude the esophagus to inhibit gastric distention and regurgitation of vomitus in the unconscious patient.

answer

cricoid

question

__________ ventilation is the volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 minute, minus the dead space, and is calculated by multiplying tidal volume (minus dead space) and respiratory rate

answer

minute

question

The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen is called ___________ metabolism; the principle product is lactic acid

answer

anaerobic

question

The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible is known as the __________ capacity

answer

vital

question

A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded; a low level in a premature infant contributes to respiratory distress syndrome

answer

surfactant

question

_________ respirations are irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

answer

ataxic

question

__________ exchange is a term used to distinguish the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction. The patient is still conscious and able to cough forcefully, although wheezing may be heard.

answer

goodair

question

A ventilation device attached to a control box that allow the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated

answer

atv

question

Occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped are known as _________ respirations

answer

agonal

question

An opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure; one in the neck connects the trachea directly to the skin

answer

stoma

question

Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream

answer

hypercarbia

question

A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space is called a(n) ___________ pneumothorax

answer

tension

question

A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen

answer

hypoxia

question

The term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood, is __________ pressure

answer

partial

question

Mechanical maintenance of pressure in the airway at the end of expiration to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs

answer

peep

question

Point at which the trachea divides into the left and right mainstem bronchi

answer

carina

question

A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation

answer

cpap

question

You respond to a construction site and find a worker lying supine in the dirt. He has been hit by a heavy construction vehicle and flew more than 15' before landing in his current position. There is discoloration and distention of his abdomen about the RUQ. He is unconscious and his respirations are 10 breaths/min and shallow, with noisy gurgling sounds. What airway technique will you use to open his airway? a. head tilt-neck lift maneuver b. jaw thrust c. head tilt-chin lift maneuver d. none of the above

answer

B

question

You respond to a construction site and find a worker lying supine in the dirt. He has been hit by a heavy construction vehicle and flew more than 15' before landing in his current position. There is discoloration and distention of his abdomen about the RUQ. He is unconscious and his respirations are 10 breaths/min and shallow, with noisy gurgling sounds. After opening the airway, your next priority is to: a. provide oxygen at 6L/min via nonrebreathing mask b. provide oxygen at 15L/min via nasal cannula c. assist respirations d. suction the airway

answer

D

question

You respond to a construction site and find a worker lying supine in the dirt. He has been hit by a heavy construction vehicle and flew more than 15' before landing in his current position. There is discoloration and distention of his abdomen about the RUQ. He is unconscious and his respirations are 10 breaths/min and shallow, with noisy gurgling sounds. What method will you use to keep his airway open? a. nasal cannula b. jaw thrust c. oropharyngeal airway d. any of the above

answer

C

question

You respond to a construction site and find a worker lying supine in the dirt. He has been hit by a heavy construction vehicle and flew more than 15' before landing in his current position. There is discoloration and distention of his abdomen about the RUQ. He is unconscious and his respirations are 10 breaths/min and shallow, with noisy gurgling sounds. While assisting with respirations, you note gastric distention. In order to prevent or alleviate the distention, you should: a. ensure that the patient's airway is appropriately positioned b. ventilate the patient at the appropriate rate c. ventilate the patient at the appropriate volume d. all of the above

answer

D

question

You respond to a construction site and find a worker lying supine in the dirt. He has been hit by a heavy construction vehicle and flew more than 15' before landing in his current position. There is discoloration and distention of his abdomen about the RUQ. He is unconscious and his respirations are 10 breaths/min and shallow, with noisy gurgling sounds. The correct ventilation rate for assisting this adult patient is: a. one breath every 5-6 seconds b. one breath every 3-5 seconds c. one breath every 10-12 seconds d. there is no need to assist with ventilations for this patient

answer

A

question

What are 5 early signs of hypoxia?

answer

1. restlessness 2. tachycardia 3. irritability 4. anxiety 5. apprehension

question

What are the normal respiratory rate for adults, children, and infants?

answer

adults: 12-20 breaths/min children: 15-30 breaths/min infants: 25-50 breaths/min

question

How can you avoid gastric distention while performing artificial ventilation?

answer

give slow, gentle breaths

question

What are 5 components of a manually triggered ventilation device?

answer

1. a peak flow rate of 100% oxygen at up to 40L/min 2. an inspiratory pressure safety release valve that opens at approximately 60cm of water and vents any remaining volume to the atmosphere or stops the flow of oxygen 3. an audible alarm that sounds whenever you exceed the relief valve pressure 4. the ability to operate satisfactorily under normal and varying environmental conditions 5. a trigger positioned so that both your hands can remain on the mask to provide an airtight seal while supporting and tilting the patient's head and keeping the jaw elevated

question

What are 6 signs of inadequate breathing?

answer

1. respiratory rate of less than 12 breaths/min or greater than 20 breaths/min 2. accessory muscle use 3. skin pulling in around the ribs during inspiration 4. pale, cyanotic, or cool (clammy) skin 5. irregular rhythm 6. diminished, absent, or noisy breath sounds

question

What are accessory muscles? Name 3.

answer

they are secondary muscles of respiration and are not used in normal breathing. 1. neck muscles 2. chest muscles 3. abdominal muscles

question

When should medical control be consulted before inserting a nasal airway?

answer

when the patient has experienced severe trauma to the head or face

question

What are the 4 steps in nasal airway insertion?

answer

1. select the proper-size airway and apply a water-soluble lubricant 2. place the airway in the larger nostril with the curvature following the curve of the floor of the nose 3. advance the airway gently 4. continue until the flange rests against the skin

question

What is the best suction tip for suctioning the oropharynx, and why?

answer

tonsil tips are best because they have a larger diameter and do not collapse and are curved, which allows easy, rapid placement

question

What is the time limit for each episode of suctioning an adult?

answer

15 seconds

Ch. 9 Airway Management – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards