question

What was one effect of the agricultural revolution in Europe in the 1700s? a. Greater food production triggered a population explosion. b. More land under cultivation kept peasants tied to the land. c. More people became farmers. d. Children and prisoners were forced to labor on farms.

answer

a

question

Which of the following was the most important source of power for the early Industrial Revolution? a. water b. the sun c. oil d. coal

answer

d

question

In 1712, the steam engine was invented by a. James Watt. b. Thomas Newcomen. c. Abraham Darby. d. Jethro Tull.

answer

b

question

How did the seed drill revolutionize farming? a. The seed drill allowed seeds to be planted deeper in the soil which protected them from the elements. b. The seed drill helped reclaim the land from the sea. c. The seed drill deposited seeds in rows instead of scattering them wastefully. d. The seed drill consolidated land formerly shared by peasant farmers.

answer

c

question

Which phrase best describes the process of enclosure? a. using a drug that prevents pain during surgery b. separating iron from its ore c. taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers d. gathering data that is gathered and tabulated to present information

answer

c

question

Precise population __________ for the 1700s are rare, but some do exist. a. smelt b. enclosures c. statistics d. anesthetics

answer

c

question

Who made improvements on the steam engine that allowed it to be applied to machinery? a. James Watt b. Abraham Darby c. Jethro Tull d. Thomas Newcomen

answer

a

question

With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, a. many people refused to work in factories. b. the rural way of life began to disappear. c. more children began to receive an education. d. all men were given the opportunity to hold government positions.

answer

b

question

One technological improvement at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution was the use of charcoal to __________ iron. a. anesthetic b. statistic c. enclosure d. smelt

answer

d

question

Between 1830 and 1855, an American dentist used the first a. enclosure. b. anesthetic. c. smelt. d. statistics.

answer

b

question

Money used to invest in new business ventures is called a. enterprise. b. capital. c. entrepreneur. d. turnpike.

answer

b

question

What were built in order to provide faster and cheaper methods of moving goods from place to place? a. entrepreneurs b. capitals c. turnpikes d. decades

answer

c

question

Which invention revolutionized transportation and made possible the growth of railroads? a. the spinning jenny b. the dynamo c. the steamboat d. the steam locomotive

answer

d

question

What is an entrepreneur? a. a person who manages and assumes financial risks of starting new businesses b. a business organization in such areas as shipping, mining, railroads, and factories c. a ten-year period d. a cottage industry

answer

a

question

In the __________ following the opening of the world's first major rail line, railroad travel became faster and railroad building boomed. a. decades b. Liverpool c. enterprise d. capital

answer

a

question

America began to compete with Britain's increased production with the invention of what machine? a. the seed drill b. the steam locomotive c. the cotton gin d. the spinning jenny

answer

c

question

Before the steam locomotive, what method was used often to transport goods efficiently and cheaply? a. the airplane b. the wagon c. the canal d. the mountain pass

answer

c

question

The flying shuttle, the spinning jenny, and the waterframe were all inventions that were used to a. develop the steam engine. b. clear more farmland. c. improve the waterwheel. d. increase textile production.

answer

d

question

British merchants developed the __________ in which raw cotton was distributed to peasant families who spun it into thread and then wove the thread into cloth in their own homes. a. Eli Whitney b. turnpikes c. Liverpool d. putting-out system

answer

d

question

Which of the following statements is one reason why Britain was the first nation to industrialize? a. Britain had plenty of gold and silver. b. Britain had a large amount of farmland. c. Britain had many wealthy investors. d. Britain had acres of rich forests.

answer

c

question

Which group benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution? a. the working class b. farmers c. the nobility d. the middle class

answer

d

question

Workers often packed into tiny __________ as they struggled to survive in the slums. a. contaminated b. tenements c. labor unions d. stressed

answer

b

question

Which group of people helped channel workers' anger away from revolution and toward social reform? a. factory owners b. the Methodists c. the Luddites d. the Utopians

answer

b

question

The Industrial Revolution led to rapid __________ as the demand for workers increased. a. tenement b. urbanization c. labor unions d. contamination

answer

b

question

How did the lives of middle class women differ from their wealthy and working class counterparts? a. They stayed at home and raised their children. b. They had maidservants who raised their children. c. Their children made up the work force. d. They often decided to have no children.

answer

a

question

Which of the following statements about life for factory workers is true? a. Factory workers faced a rigid work schedule. b. Factory workers were paid high wages and received benefits. c. Factory workers were only men. d. Factory work was less strenuous than farm work.

answer

a

question

__________ were illegal at the start of the Industrial Revolution, but workers still tried to initiate reforms. a. Urbanizations b. Contaminated c. Tenements d. Labor unions

answer

d

question

One problem for the industrial working class poor was __________ drinking water. a. contaminated b. urbanization c. tenement d. stressed

answer

a

question

Why did many children work in factories in the 1700s and 1800s? a. They were required to work by law. b. Children worked harder than adults. c. Families needed the additional income to make ends meet. d. Children were paid higher wages than adults.

answer

c

question

Which of the following was NOT a danger of being a miner? a. explosions and flooding in mines b. coal dust harming your lungs c. working in darkness d. clean working conditions

answer

d

question

What were the 3 causes of the Industrial Revolution?

answer

Agricultural Revolution, growing labor force, new technologies

question

In the Agricultural Revolution (causing the Industrial Revolution), ___________ methods improve

answer

farming

question

In the Agricultural Revolution (causing the Industrial Revolution), ___________ land raises farm output

answer

enclosed

question

In the Agricultural Revolution (causing the Industrial Revolution), food surplus leads to ____________ increase

answer

population

question

For the growing labor force (causing the Industrial Revolution), jobless farm workers were migrating to _________

answer

cities

question

For new technologies (causing the Industrial Revolution), new sources of energy such as _________ and ________ emerge

answer

steam; coal

question

For new technologies (causing the Industrial Revolution), the quality of _______ improves

answer

iron

question

What are the key elements to the first Industrial Revolution?

answer

steam, coal, iron

question

Which country leads the Industrial Revolution?

answer

Britain

question

One cause of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was the government support of economic growth and ___________________________

answer

political stability

question

What 3 factors of production did Britain have (causing the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain)?

answer

land, capital, labor

question

What natural resources was there an abundance of in Britain (causing the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain)?

answer

water, iron, coal

question

What was England surrounded by, making this its greatest natural resource?

answer

water

question

England developed a ________ system to link all waterways, making it easy to get goods all around England

answer

canal

question

England had the greatest __________ fleet in the world

answer

merchant

question

The ______ business led to shortage in wood

answer

iron

question

The iron business led to shortage in ______

answer

wood

question

Coal mines were dug deeper and deeper as _______ replaced charcoal

answer

coke

question

______ smelting was cheap and more efficient, replacing the need for wood

answer

Coke

question

Coke smelting was cheap and more efficient, replacing the need for _______

answer

wood

question

One cause of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was _________________________ which increased the demand for goods

answer

population growth

question

Who was the "father of factory system"?

answer

Richard Arkwright

question

Population growth led to the creation of _____________, the first ones in textile industry

answer

factories

question

___________________________ led to the creation of factories, the first ones in textile industry

answer

Population growth

question

What textile inventions replaced the domestic system?

answer

cotton gin, spinning jenny, water frame

question

What was the most important invention in the first Industrial Revolution?

answer

steam engine

question

Who set up a utopian community in New Lanark Scotland. a. Karl Marx b. Jeremy Bentham c. Robert Owen d. Thomas Malthus

answer

c

question

According to Marx, the "have-nots" in society are the a. means of production. b. proletariat. c. bourgeoisie. d. utopians.

answer

b

question

What is utilitarianism? a. a form of socialism in which an inevitable struggle between social classes would lead to a classless society b. a system which allows people as a whole to own and operate the means of production in the economy c. the idea that the goal of society should be "the greatest happiness for the greatest number" of its citizens d. a political ideology in which there is a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism instead of a sudden violent shift

answer

c

question

Why was Marx wrong in his prediction that workers would unite across national borders to wage class warfare? a. He didn't foresee the rise in communist governments. b. Germany and Russia adapted some of Marx's beliefs. c. The Communist Manifesto was about economics, not warfare. d. Nationalism won out over working class loyalty.

answer

d

question

What did supporters of free-enterprise capitalism call their approach to economics? a. the means of production b. laissez-faire c. socialist d. utopian

answer

b

question

Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo believed the poor could improve their lives by a. getting more education. b. getting aid from the government. c. having fewer children. d. moving back to farms.

answer

c

question

Which group would be most likely to encourage poor workers to rebel against factory owners? a. capitalists b. socialists c. utilitarians d. economists

answer

b

question

According to British philosopher and economist __________, all laws or actions should be judged by their "utility." a. Robert Owen b. Thomas Malthus c. Karl Marx d. Jeremy Bentham

answer

d

question

Who put forth the theory of "scientific socialism"? a. Karl Marx b. Robert Owen c. John Stuart Mill d. Jeremy Bentham

answer

a

question

What is communism? a. a form of socialism in which an inevitable struggle between social classes would lead to a classless society b. a system which allows people as a whole to own and operate the means of production in the economy c. the idea that the goal of society should be "the greatest happiness for the greatest number" of its citizens d. a political ideology in which there is a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism instead of a sudden violent shift

answer

a

question

Leaders of big business such as Alfred Krupp and John D. Rockefeller were referred to as "captains of industry" by their admirers and __________ by their detractors. a. "communists" b. "robber barons" c. "progressives" d. "innovators"

answer

b

question

Which of the following was NOT a result of the formation of cartels? a. Increased competition helped lead to lower prices. b. More and more monopolies were created. c. Reformers complained that industrialists were damaging the free-enterprise system. d. Tremendous wealth and prosperity was generated.

answer

a

question

"Shortly before mid-day I placed the single earphone to my ear and started listening...I heard, faintly but distinctly, pip-pip-pip...I now felt for the first time absolutely certain that the day would come when mankind would be able to send messages without wires not only across the Atlantic, but between the farthermost ends of the earth." Which innovator most likely stated the above quote while in Newfoundland in 1901 in order to receive the first overseas radio transmission from his assistant in England? a. Thomas Edison b. Alfred Nobel c. Guglielmo Marconi d. Samuel F.B. Morse

answer

c

question

New innovations, such as the __________, helped spark industrial growth throughout Europe and parts of Canada, Australia, and the United States in the late 1800's. a. telephone b. airplane c. radio d. Bessemer process

answer

d

question

Because of __________, all products no longer had to be made individually by hand. a. the assembly line b. immigrant labor c. Thomas Edison d. interchangeable parts

answer

d

question

A machine that generates energy is known as a a. dynamo. b. cartel. c. spark plug. d. light bulb.

answer

a

question

In order to raise the capital necessary to help companies grow, they a. raise taxes. b. increase prices. c. sell shares of stock. d. fire employees.

answer

c

question

Effects of industrialization included which of the following? a. increased unemployment b. rapid urbanization c. safer working conditions d. shorter work days

answer

b

question

The price of the Model-T Ford decreased from $850 in 1909 to $290 in 1924 due to the increased efficiency of a. the Bessemer process. b. the assembly line. c. the automatic transmission. d. newly paved roads and highways.

answer

b

question

Businesses formed trusts mainly to a. increase profits by eliminating competition. b. offer a wide range of goods and services to consumers. c. provide employment opportunities for minorities. d. protect the interests of workers.

answer

a

question

Who is credited with helping to create reforms in British army hospitals that directly led to increased sanitation and decreased percentages of fatalities? a. Joseph Lister b. Florence Nightingale c. Robert Koch d. Friedrich Engels

answer

b

question

Most doctors did NOT believe in the __________, which states that microbes are the cause of specific infectious diseases, until 1870. a. pasteurization process b. germ theory c. infection theory d. hygiene and sanitation doctrine

answer

b

question

__________ made many important discoveries, including vaccines for rabies and anthrax, and the development of a process that killed the disease-carrying microbes found in milk. a. Joseph Lister b. Friedrich Engels c. Louis Pasteur d. Robert Koch

answer

c

question

Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of the wide boulevards and splendid public buildings that were built in Paris in the 1850's where medieval streets and tenement housing once stood? a. rioting by displaced tenement dwellers b. increased employment c. troop movement became easier d. the likelihood of social unrest decreased

answer

a

question

Cities grew by the millions due to the a. decreased mobility of urban dwellers. b. existence of government housing subsidies. c. promise of available employment. d. existence of a drought throughout the nation's rural areas.

answer

c

question

__________ is the rebuilding of the poor areas of a city. a. Urban renewal b. Gentrification c. Urbanization d. Suburban sprawl

answer

a

question

When people have access to both the necessities and comforts of society, they are considered to have an adequate a. degree of wealth. b. way of life. c. lifestyle. d. standard of living.

answer

d

question

In order to help sick or injured colleagues, workers formed a. social clubs. b. labor unions. c. mutual-aid societies. d. medical clinics.

answer

c

question

Eight-hour work days, improved safety measures, and the outlawing of child labor were all accomplishments fought for by a. labor unions. b. mutual-aid societies. c. business leaders. d. the bourgeois.

answer

a

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement made by German Socialist philosopher Friedrich Engels in 1845 in reference to the effects of industrialization on the British working class? a. "The coupling of industrialization with urban renewal projects has been helpful in increasing the standard of living of even the nation's poorest individuals." b. "The wretched conditions under which the poor suffer is abominable...Industrialists must be wary of the inevitable uprising that shall occur as a result." c. "The poor, thanks increasingly to industrialization, are rising out of the depths of poverty and joining the ranks of the middle class." d. "The way in which the vast mass of the poor are treated by modern society is truly scandalous...There is no end to the sufferings which are heaped on the heads of the poor."

answer

d

question

Who published On the Origin of Species, in which the argument was made that all forms of life, including human beings, had evolved into their present state over millions of years? a. Thomas Malthus b. Charles Darwin c. John Dalton d. Charles Lyell

answer

b

question

Social Darwinism was used as justification for the __________ of many people that believed that Western civilization was so successful due to the superiority of the white race. a. ethnocentrism b. racism c. suffrage d. cult of domesticity

answer

b

question

Which of the following groups best exemplified the ideals of the social gospel? a. Social Darwinists b. Labor unions c. Salvation Army d. Suffragists

answer

c

question

Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony first crusaded against slavery before organizing the __________ movement. a. abolitionist b. temperance c. progressive d. women's rights

answer

d

question

"Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mudpuddles, or gives me any best place! And ain't I a woman?" Which famous African-American suffragist made the above quote in an angry reply to those that believed that women shouldn't be allowed to vote because women needed to be "protected" and that a woman's place should be in the home? a. Sojourner Truth b. Lucretia Mott c. Elizabeth Cady Stanton d. Emmeline Pankhurst

answer

a

question

The __________ movement emerged in Europe in the late 1800's, years after the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 similarly urged that women be given the right to vote in the United States. a. temperance b. social gospel c. abolitionist d. women's suffrage

answer

d

question

Sayings like "home sweet home", which were frequently stitched into needlework and hung on parlor walls, epitomized __________ in 19th century Western society. a. a growing respect for women b. a cult of domesticity c. a movement towards traditional values d. status and wealth

answer

b

question

Many people who joined the __________ movement believed that drinking alcohol threatened family life and that the banning of alcohol would promote a more productive and efficient workforce. a. temperance b. suffrage c. abolitionist d. progressive

answer

a

question

As enrollment in public education grew by the late 1800's, how come the majority of students came from middle- or upper-class families? a. Students from lower social classes were victims of discrimination. b. Since families that earned low incomes tended to be poorly educated themselves, they did not emphasize the importance of education to their children. c. Lower-income families could not afford to send their children to school. d. Middle- and upper-class students were better prepared to pass school entry exams.

answer

c

question

Campaigns that urged reforms in housing, healthcare, and education grew due to the support of Christians that followed the __________ backed by many Protestant churches. a. cult of domesticity b. temperance movement c. social gospel d. philosophy

answer

c

question

The Industrial Revolution caused a wave of _____________ and __________ changes

answer

economic, social

question

What two revolutions were effects of the Industrial Revolution?

answer

Transportation Revolution, Communication Revolution

question

In the __________________ Revolution, there were canals, roads, railroads, iron ships, and steamboats. With more consumers, there was a higher demand for goods. With an increased supply of goods, there were lower prices.

answer

Transportation

question

In the ________________ Revolution, the first batteries were by Alessandro Volta, electricity was developed by Andre Ampere, and Samuel Morse developed Morse code and underwater cables.

answer

Communication

question

Which artistic style is best exemplified in Victor Hugo's Les Miserables? a. realism b. impressionism c. romanticism d. surrealism

answer

a

question

Émile Zola's novel Germinal, which exposed the existence of class warfare in the French mining industry, best exemplifies which artistic style? a. realism b. impressionism c. romanticism d. surrealism

answer

a

question

Claude Monet was a practitioner of which artistic style? a. realism b. impressionism c. romanticism d .surrealism

answer

b

question

Composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Frederic Chopin expressed which style of art through their music? a. realism b. impressionism c. romanticism d. postimpressionism

answer

c

question

Which artistic style emphasized imagination, freedom, and emotion? a. impressionism b. surrealism c. cubism d. romanticism

answer

d

question

Which of the following paintings would NOT be considered an example of postimpressionism? a. Femmes de Tahit (1891) - Paul Gauguin b. The Biglen Brothers Racing (1873) - Thomas Eakins c. The Starry Night (1889) - Vincent van Gogh d. Bathing at Asnieres (1887) - Georges Seurat

answer

b

question

Which of the following artists could be described as a postimpressionist? a. Gustave Courbet b. Thomas Eakins c. Vincent van Gogh d. Edgar Degas

answer

c

question

Oliver Twist, written by __________, shocked many middle-class readers with its picture of poverty, mistreatment of children, and urban crime. a. Victor Hugo b. Charles Dickens c. Henrik Ibsen d. Lord Byron

answer

b

question

Which style of art was the first to brush strokes of color side by side without any blending? a. realism b. impressionism c. romanticism d. postimpressonism

answer

b

question

Gustave Courbet is quoted as saying, "I cannot paint an angel because I have never seen one." What did Courbet mean by this? a. He is supporting the ideas of the Enlightenment. b. He is criticizing the works of realist artists. c. He is supporting the ideas of romantic artists. d. He is implying he chooses only to paint realistic subjects.

answer

d

question

The advances of the Industrial Revolution had little effect on Europe due to many countries not having _________________ or _______________ for their products

answer

raw materials, markets

question

French Revolution, Napoleonic Era followed by Age of Revolution in Europe _________ industrial development

answer

slowed

question

What slowed industrial development in Europe besides not having raw materials or markets?

answer

French Revolution, Napoleonic Era, Age of Revolution

question

When the U.S. adopted many of England's methods, did the U.S. have everything it needed for industrialization?

answer

yes

question

What did the U.S have a rich amount of that made industrialization possible?

answer

natural resources, national/political unity

question

One BENEFIT of industrialization was that it created more _________

answer

jobs

question

One BENEFIT of industrialization was the rise of a wealthy ___________________________

answer

middle class

question

One benefit of industrialization was that wages __________

answer

rose

question

One BENEFIT of industrialization was that labor unions won the right to ____________________________

answer

collective bargain

question

What were the voice of workers in industrial society?

answer

labor unions

question

One BENEFIT of industrialization was that _______________ improved working conditions

answer

reformers

question

One PROBLEM of industrialization was ____________________ cities

answer

overcrowded

question

Was pollution a problem or benefit of industrialization?

answer

problem

question

One PROBLEM of industrialization was the struggle for survival in __________

answer

slums

question

One PROBLEM of industrialization was __________ working conditions in factories and mines

answer

harsh

question

One PROBLEM of industrialization was _________ labor

answer

child

question

The term "Industrial Revolution," applied to _______________ change, was common in the 1830s

answer

technological

question

Who spoke of la revolution industrielle in 1837?

answer

Louis Auguste Blanqui

question

_____________________________ in "The Condition of the Working Class in England" in 1844 spoke of an industrial revolution, a revolution which at the same time changed the whole of civil society.

answer

Frederich Engels

question

Credit for popularizing the term of "Industrial Revolution" may be given to ______________________________, whose lectures given in 1881 gave a detailed account of the process

answer

Arnold Toynbee

question

_____________________ had new ideas about free enterprise that the free market would produce more goods at lower prices and that capitalists would reinvest in growing economy

answer

Adam Smith

question

Adam Smith had new ideas about _______________________ that the free market would produce more goods at lower prices and that capitalists would reinvest in growing economy

answer

free enterprise

question

______________________ held a bleak view that population would outpace food supply. The only checks on population growth are war, disease, and famine. He believed that families should have fewer children to preserve the food supply

answer

Thomas Malthus

question

Thomas Malthus held a bleak view that population would outpace ______________. The only checks on population growth are war, disease, and famine. He believed that families should have fewer children to preserve the food supply

answer

food supply

question

Thomas Malthus held a bleak view that population would outpace food supply. The only checks on population growth are war, disease, and famine. He believed that families should have ________________ to preserve the food supply

answer

fewer children

question

Who shared similar views as Thomas Malthus?

answer

David Ricardo

question

______________________ believed wage increases don't help the working poor and opposed government help for the poor

answer

David Ricardo

question

Who were the two social reformers that were Utilitarians for limited government?

answer

Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill

question

_______________________ meant the goal of society should be "the greatest happiness for the greatest number"

answer

Utilitarianism

question

Utilitarianism meant the goal of society should be "_____________________________________________"

answer

the greatest happiness for the greatest number

question

In Utilitarianism, laws or actions should be judged by their "________" and individual freedom guarantees happiness

answer

utility

question

In __________________, laws or actions should be judged by their "utility" and individual freedom guarantees happiness

answer

Utilitarianism

question

Socialist thoughts emerged that focus should be on the good of __________ in general, not individual rights

answer

society

question

_____________ thoughts emerged that focus should be on the good of society in general, not individual rights

answer

Socialist

question

Socialists believed that socialism would end ____________ and injustices of industrial capitalism

answer

poverty

question

_____________ believed that socialism would end poverty and injustices of industrial capitalism

answer

Socialists

question

_____________ thoughts emerged that people as a whole, not private individuals, should own and operate the means of production

answer

Socialist

question

Socialist thoughts emerged that people as a whole, not private individuals, should own and operate the _______________________________

answer

means of production

question

_____________ established utopian communities, hoping that equality among people would end conflict

answer

Socialists

question

Socialists established _____________________________, hoping that equality among people would end conflict

answer

utopian communities

question

Utopian industrialist _________________________ set up a model community in Scotland

answer

Robert Owen

question

_______________________ wrote "Utopia" about a fictional place where everything in society is good. This is where we get the term Utopian Socialists from.

answer

Thomas More

question

Thomas More wrote "_________" about a fictional place where everything in society is good. This is where we get the term Utopian Socialists from.

answer

Utopia

question

Thomas More wrote "Utopia" about a fictional place where everything in society is good. This is where we get the term _____________________________ from.

answer

Utopian Socialists

question

_________________________ were people who wanted to go out and create the perfect society

answer

Utopian Socialists

question

________________ explained class struggle in his writing of the "Communist Manifesto" with Fredrick Engels

answer

Karl Marx

question

Karl Marx explained class struggle in his writing of the "_______________________________________" with Fredrick Engels

answer

Communist Manifesto

question

_______________ created a new theory of "scientific socialism" based on scientific study of history

answer

Karl Marx

question

Karl Marx created a new theory of "__________________________" based on scientific study of history

answer

scientific socialism

question

_________________ believed that inevitable struggle between social classes will lead to a classless society and a classless society would end struggles for wealth and power

answer

Karl Marx

question

Karl Marx believed that inevitable struggle between social classes will lead to a __________________________ and that would end struggles for wealth and power

answer

classless society

question

What was the rich, upper class called?

answer

bourgeoisie

question

What was the poor, working class called?

answer

proletariat

question

_____________ briefly flourished. In 1860, Germany adapted Marx's beliefs to form social democracy

answer

Marxism

question

Marxism briefly flourished. In 1860, Germany adapted Marx's beliefs to form ____________________________

answer

social democracy

question

______________ led to the Russian Revolution in 1917 and independence leaders elsewhere turned to Marxism

answer

Marxism

question

Marxism led to the ______________________________ in 1917 and independence leaders elsewhere turned to Marxism

answer

Russian Revolution

question

What powered the First Industrial Revolution?

answer

steam, iron

question

What 2 things powered the First Industrial Revolution?

answer

Steam, iron

question

What 3 things powered the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

Steel, electricity, petroleum

question

What powered the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

steel, electricity, petroleum

question

BOTH steam ; iron from the First Industrial Revolution and steel, electricity, ; petroleum from the Second Industrial Revolution needed _________ in order to produce

answer

coal/coke

question

What 3 countries had more natural resources than Britain in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

Germany, France, U.S.

question

In the Second Industrial Revolution, other nations followed the ____________ lead

answer

British

question

_____________ makes modernization a priority in the Second Industrial Revolution

answer

Japan

question

What sparked industrial growth in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

technology

question

___________ production soared in the Second Industrial Revolution

answer

Steel

question

In the Second Industrial Revolution, ____________ created new products

answer

chemists

question

What replaced steam as a power source in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

electricity

question

What did electricity replace as a power source in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

steam

question

What new methods of production developed in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

interchangeable parts, assembly line, mass production

question

Rise of big business and _________________ created a move toward regulation in the Second Industrial Revolution

answer

monopolies

question

What is a manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product much faster than conventional methods?

answer

assembly line

question

In an assembly line, _________________________________ are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product much faster than conventional methods

answer

interchangeable parts

question

Who created the best known form of the assembly line, the moving assembly line?

answer

Henry Ford

question

Who was the first businessman to build factories around the concept of the assembly line?

answer

Henry Ford

question

What is widely considered to be the catalyst which initiated the modern consumer culture?

answer

assembly line

question

The automobile age begins with the development of what?

answer

internal combustion engine

question

Airplanes were able to take flight due to the development of what?

answer

internal combustion engine

question

What 3 things made communication faster?

answer

telegraph, telephone, radio

question

Who developed a new process for making steel?

answer

Henry Bessemer

question

Henry Bessemer developed a new process for making what?

answer

steel

question

Who invented dynamite?

answer

Alfred Nobel

question

What did Alfred Nobel invent?

answer

dynamite

question

The money Alfred Nobel received from his invention of dynamite was used to fund famous _______________________

answer

Nobel Prizes

question

Who developed the first simple electric motor and the first dynamo?

answer

Michael Faraday

question

Michael Faraday developed the first electric motor and the first _____________

answer

dynamo

question

Who developed the first electric light bulb?

answer

Thomas Edison

question

Who developed the internal combustion engine?

answer

Nikolaus Otto

question

Nikolaus Otto developed what?

answer

internal combustion engine

question

Who developed the first automobile?

answer

Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler

question

Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler developed the first what?

answer

automobile

question

Who had the first sustained flight in Kitty Hawk, NC?

answer

Orville Wright, Wilbur Wright

question

Who invented the radio?

answer

Guglielmo Marconi

question

What did Guglielmo Marconi invent?

answer

radio

question

In the fight against disease during the Second Industrial Revolution, _____________________________ developed vaccines and pasteurization

answer

Louis Pasteur

question

In the fight against disease during the Second Industrial Revolution, _______________________ identified bacteria that cause tuberculosis

answer

Robert Koch

question

In the fight against disease during the Second Industrial Revolution, hospital care improves with _______________________________ introducing sanitary measures

answer

Florence Nightingale

question

In the fight against disease during the Second Industrial Revolution, ________________________ discovers that antiseptics prevent infection

answer

Joseph Lister

question

In the Second Industrial Revolution, ____________________________ change with urban planning

answer

city landscapes

question

City planners designing the layout of cities was also called what?

answer

urban planning

question

In the urban planning of the Second Industrial Revolution, it was planned that the _______ would live on the outskirts of town

answer

rich

question

In the urban planning of the Second Industrial Revolution, it was planned that the _______ would crowd into city centers

answer

poor

question

What 3 things were improved in cities in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

sidewalks, sewers, skyscrapers

question

Sewer systems cut _________ rates in cities

answer

death

question

What improved streets in the Second Industrial Revolution?

answer

streetlights

question

What was used to create skyscrapers?

answer

steel

question

What were 2 harsh slum conditions in the cities?

answer

crowding, crime

question

What 3 things were people attracted to the city by?

answer

work, education, entertainment

question

With the growth of _______________, workers use strikes to protest conditions

answer

labor unions

question

With the growth of ________________, governments pass laws to improve working conditions

answer

labor unions

question

With the rising standard of living, ________________ between skilled ; unskilled, men ; women appear

answer

wage gaps

question

With the rising standard of living, the ________________;_________________ of necessities ; luxuries rises

answer

quality, availability

question

In the new social order, the _______ class is made up of the old nobility, new industrialists, and business families

answer

upper

question

In the new social order, the growing _________ class develops its own way of life

answer

middle

question

In the new social order, the _________ class struggles to keep up with growing middle class

answer

lower

question

___________ seek fairness in marriage, divorce, and property laws

answer

Women

question

Women's groups struggle for the right to vote... also called what?

answer

women's suffrage

question

Mott, Stanton, Sojourner Truth, and Susan B. Anthony struggled for rights for ___________

answer

women

question

What convention was about women's rights?

answer

Seneca Falls Convention

question

What movement was about the prohibition of alcohol?

answer

Temperance Movement

question

In the growth of public education, many governments set up public schools and required basic education for all ______________

answer

children

question

In the growth of public education, _________ and _________ class students, including some women, attend colleges and universities

answer

middle, upper

question

What led to the periodic table of elements?

answer

atomic theory

question

Who created the atomic theory in the early 1800s?

answer

John Dalton

question

Who was a Russian who came up with periodic table of elements in 1869?

answer

Dmitri Mendeleev

question

______________________ of natural selection explains evolution

answer

Darwin's theory

question

_____________________ was published in "On the Origin of the Species by Natural Selection" in 1859

answer

Darwin's theory

question

Natural selection became known as "____________________________________"

answer

survival of the fittest

question

Religious life remains in the _____________ of communities

answer

center

question

____________ groups push for reforms to help the working poor

answer

Religious

question

What was a movement toward social service?

answer

social gospel

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? rebellion against reason

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? emphasis on imagination, freedom, and emotion

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? use of direct language, intense feelings, glorification of nature

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? romantic hero in literature

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? architecture modeled on glorious past

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? music that stirs deep emotions

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? William Wordsworth, William Blake, Victor Hugo, Ludwig van Beethoven

answer

romanticism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? to represent the world as it was, without romantic sentiment

answer

realism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? focused on harsh side of life

answer

realism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? novels depict grim reality

answer

realism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? painters focused on ordinary subjects

answer

realism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? Charles Dickens, Victor Hugo, Leo Tolstoy, Henrik Ibsen, Gustave Courbet, Thomas Eakins

answer

realism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? to capture the first fleeting impression by a scene or object to a viewer's eye

answer

impressionism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? movement away from realism and in reaction to photography

answer

impressionism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? "___________________, Sunrise" is a painting by Claude Monet. It gave rise to the name of the _______________ movement

answer

impressionism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? Claude Monet, Edgar Degas

answer

impressionism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? variety of styles

answer

postimpressionism

question

Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, or Postimpressionism? Georges Seurat, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Guguin

answer

postimpressionism

Ch 7 & 9: The Industrial Revolution – Flashcards

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