ch 6 review – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What helped to spark the expansion of American industry?
answer
productivity, new inventions and products
question
What was the greatest single factor helping to spur the industrialization of America?
answer
railroads and productivity, new inventions and products
question
The telegraphs impact on trains...
answer
communication, helped tell when the train left and arrive
question
The federal government role in the building of the Transcontinental Railroad...
answer
funded the completion of the railroad- awarded huge loans and land grants to two private companies
question
Why did the U.S. change to time zones?
answer
trains started regular passenger service, time differences from town to town created confusion-1883, the railroads adopted a national system to improve scheduling
question
What was the impact of the Transcontinental Railroad?
answer
could carry goods & passengers from coast to coast-trains were often dirty, noisy, uncomfortable for passengers- caused fear- building of the railway costed a lot of money
question
How did a system of patents encourage innovation and investment?
answer
By giving investors ownership of their ideas / creations, and the resulting profit-combination of financial backing- American ingenuity helped create new industries- expand old ones -helped create new things
question
How were patents connected to the nation's industrial productivity rise in the late 1800's?
answer
Patents encourage investors to develop new technology, increasing inventions and investments to fund them
question
Why did the oil business change after Drake found oil in PA?
answer
Using Drake's type of well made it much less expensive and easier to obtain large amounts of oil. The new process allowed an increase in demand to be satisfied
question
How did inventions such as the light bulb, telegraph and the telephone change daily life in the late 1800s?
answer
They extended the usable hours of the day, allowed for efficient long-distance communication, made possible the creation of entirely new industries
question
How did new railroads and improvements in railways technology help spur economic growth?
answer
Expanded and created great demand for steel rails, manufacturers could use railroads to sell their products nationwide
question
How did railroads play a key role in revolutionizing business and industry in the US?
answer
A faster and more practical means of transporting goods, lower cost of production, creation of national markets, model for big business, and stimulation for other industries
question
Why did the federal government fund the completion of the transcontinental railroad?
answer
Congress believed that completion of coast-to-coast railway would strengthen country's economic infrastructure
question
What companies and workers built Transcontinental RR?
answer
-Union Pacific (worked west) -Central Pacific (worked east)
question
What innovations did the Bessemer process encourage?
answer
mass production of steel, large suspensions bridges, steel frame construction in Buildings
question
How did the Bessemer process make steel more affordable?
answer
allowed impurities to be removed cheaply and easily, enabling steel to be produced in mass quantities
question
patent
answer
license that gives an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a set period of time
question
productivity
answer
the amount of goods and services created in a given period of time
question
mass production
answer
production of goods in great amounts
question
Transcontinental Railroad
answer
railway extending from coast to coast
question
Promontory, Utah
answer
where the last golden spike was put into position for the railroad
question
Bessemer Process
answer
process for making steel more efficiently, patented in 1856
question
Credit Mobilizer
answer
set up by owners of Union Pacific Railroad to build their portion of the transcontinental railroad westward from Oklahoma ? was given enormous sums of federal money
question
Edwin Drake
answer
sent to Titusville, PA to drill for oil, he struck oil it became a major industry
question
Alexander Graham Bell
answer
talking telegraph (phone), American Telephone and Telegraph Company
question
Thomas Edison
answer
created the first light bulb and a light power plant-electric power
question
George Westinghouse
answer
developed a form of electricity called alternating current
question
Henry Bessemer
answer
invented a steel making process that made steel making more efficient and cheaper
question
John A. Roebling
answer
made suspension bridge with thick steel cables suspended from high towers (bridges)
