Ch. 4 Drawing Instruments and Techniques

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Orthographic projection
answer
A means of representing the height, width, and depth of a 3D object on 2D paper The point from which the object is viewed is infinity Projection lines are parallel to each other Usually 3 ortho views are used in a multiview dwg
question
3 Principal Ortho Views
answer
Top, Front, Right side views
question
Plan view
answer
Top view Used as basis for most other views May be roof plan, floor plan, foundation plan Most important view in architectural drafting
question
Floor plan
answer
Section view taken about halfway up the wall
question
Front elevation
answer
Front view
question
Elevations
answer
Architectural drafters typically draw an elevation of all sides if the structure rather than just the front elevation Front elevation, right side elevation, left side elevation, rear elevation
question
CADD system
answer
Computer-aided drafting and design system Can be used to produce a dwg on a computer, then plotted on paper
question
2 types of pencils
answer
Common wood pencil and mechanical pencil
question
Which pencil type is most used by manual drafters?
answer
Mechanical pencil because it allows drafter to change hardness of lead at will, easier to sharpen, can be used close to the end
question
How well should erasers work?
answer
Select an eraser that will remove all traces of lead without destroying the surface of the paper or leaving colored marks
question
What erasers are better?
answer
Plastic erasers because they don't leave marks Or electric erasers
question
Erasing shields
answer
Made of metal or plastic, usually thin, provide for accurate erasing Allows lines to be erased without removing surrounding lines
question
3 types of paper used in arch dwgs
answer
Tracing paper, Vellum, Drafting film
question
A-Size Drawing Sheet measurements:
answer
8.5\" x 11\"
question
B-Size Drawing Sheet measurements:
answer
11\" x 17\"
question
Drawing boards
answer
Usually on drafting tables Larger an sometimes have a drafting machine or straightedge permanently attached
question
T-square
answer
A traditional manual drafting instrument Manufactured from wood, plastic, metal, or combo Used to draw horizontal lines
question
Triangles
answer
Used for drawing lines that are not horizontal
question
Protractors
answer
Used for measuring angles
question
Scales
answer
Primarily architect's scale, engineer's scale, or combo
question
Dividers
answer
Used to divide a line into proportional parts, provide a quick way to measure a length that must be used a number of time Divider points are shaped like needles
question
Compass
answer
Used to draw circles, arcs, or radii
question
Lettering guides
answer
Used to help neatly letter a dwg
question
Irregular curves
answer
Used to draw curved lines that cannot be drawn with a compass You can also use flexible curve
question
Case instruments
answer
May include dividers, compass, lining pens, pencil pointers, spare parts, small screwdriver, etc. A small box of instruments
question
Lettering devices
answer
Used when uniformity of letters is essential
question
Technical pens
answer
Used to ink a drawing Are interchangeable and range in size from 000 to 8 (1/16\" wide)
question
Templates
answer
Serve as guide in drawing special lines or symbols
question
Grids
answer
Many uses. Can be used under a sheet of tracing paper while others are to be drawn on directly Square grids Perspective grids
question
Freehand Sketching
answer
A method of making a drawing without the use of instruments Most designers use sketches to \"think through\" an idea before an instrument or CADD dwg is made
question
CADD hardware
answer
CPU, input devices, storage devices, output devices
question
CPU
answer
Central Processing Unit The \"brain\" of the computer system
question
Input devices
answer
Provide for data and info input to the computer i.e. Keyboard, mouse, digitizing tablet
question
Storage devices
answer
i.e. Hard drives Hold the main operating system, the software, and electronic files created by the operator
question
Output devices
answer
i.e. Monitor, plotter for hard copy
question
Alphabet of Lines
answer
The collection of line types used is drafting
question
Border lines
answer
Very heavy lines used to form a boundary for the dwg
question
Object lines
answer
Show the outline of the main features of the object
question
Hidden lines
answer
Represent an edge that is behind a visible surface in a given view
question
Centerlines
answer
Indicate the center of holes an symmetrical objects, like windows and doors
question
Extension lines
answer
Used to denote the termination point of a dimension line
question
Dimension lines
answer
Used to show size and location Usually placed outside of object
question
Break lines
answer
Used to show that all of the part is not drawn
question
Long break line
answer
Used when break is 2\" or 3\" Thin and straight
question
Short break lines
answer
Used where part of the object is shown broken away to reveal an underlying feature or part of the object removed for some other reason Heavy and drawn freehand
question
Cutting-Plane lines
answer
Heavy lines used to show where the object is to be sectioned
question
Section lines
answer
Aka. Crosshatch lines Used to show that the feature has been sectioned
question
Guidelines
answer
Used for hand lettering, specifically lettering guides
question
Construction lines
answer
very light lines used in the process of constructing a dwg used to help the drafter and should not reproduce when the print is made
question
Architectural lettering
answer
an architectural drawing leans toward the artistic by nature there is no one correct architectural lettering style
question
symbols library
answer
a collection of drafting symbols saved to a file that can be quickly inserted into the CAD dwg like a collection of symbol templates used in manual drafting a drafter may have several symbol libraries for different uses, views, plans
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New