Ch 34 Study Module – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which of the following groups represents the most basal lineage of vertebrates?
answer
Lampreys
question
Animals that are classified as vertebrates and have rudimentary vertebrae are the ______ and the ______.
answer
hagfishes; lampreys
question
Sharks and rays belong to the clade ________.
answer
Chondrichthyes
question
Which of the following sets of animals contains only gnathostomes?
answer
Rays, turtles, pigeons, and tuna
question
________ are early vertebrates that lacked jaws, had large eyes, and had mineralized dental tissues.
answer
Conodonts
question
Primates known as anthropods include all of the following groups except ________.
answer
lemurs
question
All species of New World monkeys are __________.
answer
arboreal
question
A __________ is a chordate but not a vertebrate.
answer
lancelet
question
__________ arose very early in hominid evolution; __________ evolved more recently.
answer
Upright posture; large brains
question
Derived chordate characteristics include all of the following except a _______.
answer
dorsal, solid nerve cord
question
The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with __________.
answer
maintaining a supply of oxygen
question
Which of the following correctly lists probable ancestors of modern humans from the oldest to the most recent?
answer
Sahelanthropus, Australopithecus, Homo
question
Derived amniote characteristics include all of the following except ___________.
answer
embryonic membranes
question
________ are extinct species that are more closely related to humans than to chimpanzees.
answer
Hominins
question
Which of the following animals is an amphibian?
answer
Caecilian
question
Sharks that retain their fertilized eggs in the oviduct, where the eggs develop into young, are called ________.
answer
ovoviviparous
question
The three lineages of the Sarcopterygii include the coelolcanths, lungfishes, and ________.
answer
tetrapods
question
The adaptation that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the __________.
answer
amniotic egg
question
Primates are distinguished from other mammals by __________.
answer
opposable thumbs, nails, and good depth perception
question
Derived mammalian characteristics include all of the following except _______.
answer
ectothermy
question
A feature of bony fish not found in sharks is __________.
answer
a swim bladder
question
A lamprey, a shark, a lizard, and a rabbit share all the following characteristics except __________.
answer
hinged jaws
question
Basal chordates are animals called the ________.
answer
cephalochordates
question
Humans and the loris share many traits that probably evolved in our early primate ancestors, including __________.
answer
a thumb that is relatively mobile and separate from the fingers
question
_______ belong to a group of bipedal saurischian dinosaurs.
answer
Birds
question
Tiktaalik is an important fossil find because ________.
answer
it has both fish and tetrapod characters
question
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosomes of modern humans has led most researchers to agree that __________.
answer
modern humans emerged from Africa
question
The fact that tunicates have only 9 sets of Hox genes while lancelets and all other chordates have 13 sets of Hox genes indicates that ____________.
answer
the tunicate larva is using a different set of genetic controls than that of other chordates
question
_________ best explains the similarities between Australian marsupials and placental mammals (eutherians) in other parts of the world.
answer
Convergent evolution
question
Which of the following chordate characteristics contributes most to the formation of your ears?
answer
Pharyngeal slits or clefts
