Ch 26 The Urinary System – Flashcards

The urinary system does all of the following, except that it A) secretes excess glucose molecules. B) regulates blood volume. C) contributes to stabilizing blood pH. D) eliminates organic waste products. E) regulates plasma concentrations of electrolytes.

Each of the following organs is part of the urinary system, except the A) kidney. B) urinary bladder. C) liver. D) ureter. E) urethra.

All of the following are true of the kidneys, except that they are A) located in a position that is retroperitoneal. B) surrounded by a renal capsule. C) located within the peritoneum. D) held in place by the renal fascia. E) surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue.

The renal sinus is

Conical structures that are located in the renal medulla are called

Renal columns are

Major calyces are

The cells of the macula densa and the juxtaglomerular cells form the

The portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct is the

Each of the following is a characteristic of a normal urine sample, except A) amber color. B) cloudy. C) acidic pH. D) specific gravity greater than 1.0. E) ammoniacal odor.

Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine, except A) hydrogen ions. B) urea. C) large proteins. D) salts. E) creatinine.

The most selective pores in the filtration membrane are located in the

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can accomplish all of the following, except A) produce powerful vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. B) increase the glomerular filtration rate. C) result in the release of renin. D) produce renal ischemia. E) both C and D

The process of filtration is driven by

The ability to form a concentrated urine depends on the functions of

Tubular reabsorption involves all of the following, except A) active transport. B) facilitated diffusion. C) cotransport. D) countertransport. E) cuboidal cell filtration.

The cells of the proximal convoluted tubule normally reabsorb all of the following, except A) approximately 60 percent of the volume of the filtrate produced in the renal corpuscle. B) approximately 50 percent of the waste products. C) cations such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. D) anions such as bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate, and phosphate. E) virtually all of the glucose and other nutrients under normal conditions.

Substances secreted by the distal convoluted tubule include

The role of "countercurrent multiplication" in the kidney is to

When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases,

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by _____ epithelium.

During the micturition reflex,

Changes that occur in the urinary system with aging include all of the following, except A) a decline in the number of functional nephrons. B) a reduction in the GFR (glomerular filtration rate). C) increased sensitivity to ADH. D) problems with the micturition reflex. E) loss of sphincter muscle tonus.

Each of the following systems of the body is involved in the process of excretion to some degree, except the _____ system.

The body has ___ kidneys

Functions of the urinary system include

The left kidney lies _____ to the right kidney.

) The positioning of the kidneys in the peroneal cavity is maintained by

The condition called _____ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can become twisted or kinked during movement.

A typical kidney weighs about