question

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms is:

answer

ammonium thioglycolate

question

The main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotions is:

answer

glycerol monothioglycolate

question

The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its:

answer

porosity

question

The action of waving lotion is to:

answer

expand the hair

question

If hair breaks under very slight strain, it has:

answer

little or no elasticity

question

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the

answer

double tool technique

question

Keratin proteins are made of long chains of ______________ linked together end-to-end like beads.

answer

amino acids

question

Hair texture describes the ______________ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse.

answer

diameter

question

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be

answer

acid-balanced

question

The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as

answer

endothermic

question

Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by:

answer

peptide bonds

question

A perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hood dryer is known as:

answer

endothermic

question

Bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together are:

answer

disulfide

question

The chemical action of ______________ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.

answer

waving lotion

question

When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ______________rebonded.

answer

chemically

question

Straight rods are equal in:

answer

diameter

question

______________ rods have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the hair ends, with a loose, wider curl at the scalp.

answer

Concave

question

What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?

answer

fine texture

question

What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

answer

coarse texture

question

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels which are further divided into subsections called

answer

base sections

question

Base control refers to the position of the tool in relation to its ______________ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.

answer

base panel

question

The basic perm wrap is also called a ______________ wrap.

answer

straight set

question

The ______________ wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels

answer

curvature perm

question

The ______________ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

answer

weave technique

question

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in:

answer

on-base placement

question

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 degrees (perpendicular) to its base section, it will result in:

answer

half-off base placement

question

End wraps are absorbent papers used to ______________ of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm tools.

answer

control ends

question

When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the:

answer

single flat wrap

question

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the:

answer

book end wrap

question

What can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?

answer

preliminary test curl

question

If too many ______________ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

answer

disulfide

question

Underprocessing is caused by ______________ processing time of the waving lotion

answer

insufficient

question

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first ______________ minutes.

answer

five to ten

question

The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called:

answer

processing time

question

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least ______________ minutes before applying the neutralizer.

answer

five

question

Some manufacturers recommend the application of a ______________ after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.

answer

pre-neutralizing conditioner

question

Neutralization rebuilds the ______________ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.

answer

disulfide bonds

question

If the hair is not ______________, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.

answer

rinsed properly

question

Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are______________ bonds.

answer

hydrogen

question

An ______________ liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for five minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged.

answer

acidic

question

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are re-formed:

answer

immediately

question

Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are ______________ bonds.

answer

peptide

question

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause ______________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

answer

uneven curls

question

The measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is known as:

answer

viscosity

question

Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called:

answer

partial perming

question

The ______________ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

answer

bricklay perm

question

The ______________ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.

answer

spiral

question

When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the:

answer

nape

question

In order to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a:

answer

partial perm

question

Many male clients are looking for added ______________, fullness, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.

answer

texture

CH. 20 PERMING COSMO BOOK

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