question

Understanding ____ patterns of growth and development is important.

answer

normal

question

During _____ a child's behavior may go backward to that of an earlier stage of development.

answer

regression

question

_____and _____ , considered a single process , continues throughout childhood and into adulthood.

answer

Growth and Development

question

_____ is defined as a change in the body size and structure

answer

Growth

question

______ is a change in body function

answer

Development

question

Growth and development occurs in a _____ sequence, a person must accomplish a simple developmental task before he or she can attempt another, more complex task.

answer

orderly

question

In relation to the body, the process of growth and development follows _____ and ______ directions

answer

Cephalocaudal and Proximodistal

question

______ means from head to tail: babies lift their heads before they sit up, make sounds before they walk.

answer

cephalocaudal

question

______ means from the center to the outer: babies roll over before they grasp small objects

answer

proximodistal

question

Growth and development also progresses from ____ to ____: the baby learns to sit before learning to walk, and to babble before learning to speak.

answer

Simple to Complex

question

Growth and Development is _____ and _____, involving the entire child and family. Culture, ethnicity, and religion influence the process.

answer

inclusive and holistic

question

All aspects of Growth and development are influenced by each other, or ______: children cannot control their bowel movements(development) until their muscles are strong enough (growth) and until rhey can understand what is expected of them(development)

answer

interdependent

question

Interdependent process of learning to walk:

answer

1. walking it controlled by motor development 2. motor development depends on normal bone and muscle growth 3. normal growth depends on adequate food and energy 4. the nervous system exercises overall control over the process 5. caregivers and loved ones provide the encouragement and emotional support needed for the child to progress

question

The process of Growth and Development has the following characteristics:

answer

1. orderly sequence 2. simple to complex 3. cephalocaudal 4. inclusive 5. proximodistal 6. interdependent

question

_______ and_____ influence child growth and development.

answer

heredity and enviroment

question

_________ are inherited from parents and are often called ______factors. Skin, eye color, and body build are examples

answer

hereditary characteristics, genetic

question

______ is the sum of all the conditions and factors surrounding the child. housing neighborhood, the number of siblings, placement in sibling order, and amount of healthcare available

answer

enviroment

question

_____, _____, and _______ also influence a child's development

answer

Religious practices, ethnicity, and location of birth

question

Three important theories are:

answer

havighurt's theory of developmental task, Erik Erikson's pyschosocial theory, nd Jean Piaget's cognitive theory

question

Erikson's theory of human development focuses on _____ and _____ aspects of personality as the person progresses from birth to death.

answer

Psychosocial and enviromental

question

Erikson stresses that each individual is the product of _____, _______, and _______

answer

interactions among heredity, enviroment, and culture

question

Erikson emphasizes that the rate of development ____

answer

varies

question

The main points of Erikson's theory are:

answer

1. each stage of development contains a psychosocial CHALLENGE or critical period 2. in each stage of development, a SIGNIFICANT PERSON OR GROUP exerts a lasting influenceon ongoing development of the child 3. The individual must ACCOMPLISH certain tasks related to the psychosocial challenge of each particular stage. 4. Certain VIRTUES are appropriate for each developmental stage.

question

During the Critical or Challenge period the person must deal with ______

answer

a major life change

question

If a person fails to meet the challenge, he or she faces certain difficulty in _______: example: infants who do not achieve sense of trust that their needs will be met will have difficulty achieving autonomy as toddlers

answer

achieving the next level of development

question

In the _______ or _____ stage of development the person who acts as family caregiver is most significant to the infant, whereas the peer group has greater influence on the adolescent.

answer

Significant person ot group stage

question

Children are able to perform these tasks with the help of the parents , siblings and other important people during the ______stage of developemt.

answer

Accomplish

question

_______ are beneficial, challenging, and exciting characteristics that emerge as individual's successfully accomplish the tasks of that development stage nd thus successfully resolve the psychosocial challenge.

answer

Virtues

question

During Infancy( 1-12 months) the challenge is usually________the significant others in this challenge are the _______the nescessary accomplishment would be to ______ The virtues they learn is __________________

answer

Trusy vs. Mistrust, family caregivers, develop trust, hope

question

The ways to help the child succeed during Trust vs. Mistrust is :

answer

establish routines; satisfy basic needs

question

During Toddlerhood( 1-3 years) the challenge is ______ the significant others are ______ and necessary accomplishment is _______ the virtues they learn is ______

answer

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt, family, learn appropriate behaviors; learn right from wrong, self-control; will power.

question

Ways to help the child succeed in this stage is:

answer

set limits; let child make simple choices; encourage curiosity; give gentle guidance.

question

During Preschool (3-6 years) the challenge is _______, the significant other is _______, the necessary accomplishment is ______ and the virtues they learn are ______

answer

Initiative vs. guilt, Family, learn rules and regulations; they estqablish independence, direction and purpose.

question

Ways to help the child succeed during this stage:

answer

consistent discipline; expain things; praise

question

During School Age(6-12 years) the challenge is ________the significant others are_______, the necessary accomplishments are _______, and the virtues they learn are _______

answer

Industry vs. Inferiority, school and neighborhood, learn to get along with others; learn school subjects, self-esteem; competence

question

Ways to help the child succeed in this stage:

answer

manage sibling rivalry; give responsibility; recognize accomplishments away from home

question

The term ______ refers to knowledge, understanding, or perception.

answer

Cognitive; thus cognitive development is the development of the process of thinking

question

Piaget stated that ___________ is a _"continuous progression" beginning with reflexes of the newborn

answer

cognitive development

question

Cognitive development is ______; that is what is learned is based on what has been known before

answer

cumulative

question

Piagets four major levels of cognitive development are:

answer

1. sensorimotor ( up to age 2) 2. Preoperational ( 2-7) 3. Concrete Operational (7-11) 4. Formal Operations ( after age 12)

question

During the Sensorimotor period the child learns by ______, _______, and ______. they learn to control body movements.

answer

touching, tasting, and feeling

question

The development an understanding of ____________,the knowlege that an object seen in a particular spot, but temporarily hidden from view under a blanket, continues to exist and will return to view when it is uncovered,

answer

object permanence

question

During the Preoperational Stage children ______ and _____ the enviroment and look at things from their own point of view

answer

investigate and explore

question

During the Concrete operations stage Children "______" actions and can perform them in the mind.

answer

internalize

question

Cognition at the concrete operations level exhibits the following characteristics:

answer

1. Reversibility: children walk to school and know that by reversing the direction they can get home. 2. Seriation: children can arrange things in a series, from big to little or in numbered sequence 3. Conservation of Matter: children begin to understand quantities, weight , and volume

question

During the formal operations stage children can think in the _____ Complex problem -solving is included in this category.

answer

abstract

question

Experimentation, exploration, success, and failure are a part of _______

answer

Maturation

question

Play with other children encourages ______, ______, and _______

answer

peer cooperation, interaction, and sharing

question

Infant and toddler play is usually an interaction among _______, the ______, and _______

answer

children, the family, and simple toys.

question

They repeatedly ______ and play and learn about their surroundings

answer

imitate

question

The attention span of most infants and toddlers lasts about ____________.

answer

5 to 10 minutes

question

_________ occurs when children play alone with their own toys in the same area as others but without interaction.________is most common during infancy

answer

Solitary Play

question

_________ occurs when two children play side-by-side with the same or similar toys but do not interact with each other or the other's toy.

answer

Parallel Play

question

________ begin to play directly with other children

answer

Preschoolers

question

Young school-aged children engage in ______ and ______ play and may expand the playgroup from two or three children to an entire classroom.

answer

cooperative, and interactive

question

Older school-aged children play structured games with defined ______, _______, and _______. They learn to take turns, play fairly, and accept losses graciously

answer

roles, rules, and ways to win

question

By providing___________, you can alert concerned families to normal growth and developemt patterns and to common areas of concern for particular age groups.

answer

Anticipatory Guidance

question

A baby is called a _____ or a neonate in the first 4 weeks.

answer

newborn

question

The newborn's reactions to internal and external stimuli help to shape the chile _______, ________, ______, and ________

answer

physically, intellectually, emotionally, and socially

question

The period from 1 to 12 months is called _______

answer

infancy

question

During the stage the person matures both physically and emotionally with ________ speed than at any other time of the life-span

answer

greater

question

During the first ____ months of life, infants gain about 0.9kg (2lb.) per month and grow about 2.5 to 5.0 cm(1-2 in.)

answer

3

question

From ___ to ____ months, they gain about 0.45kg (1lb.) per month

answer

3 to 6 months

question

By the age of ___ months , most infants have doubled their birth weight

answer

6 months

question

By the end of _______ year, they weigh about 3x their birth weight. they have increased their birth height by about a half as well.

answer

one

question

Teeth begin to erupt at ___ to ____months of age.

answer

6 to 7months

question

By age ____ most babies have six to eight teeth

answer

1

question

_________ in primary caregivers is clearly the most important psychosocial challenge of infancy

answer

establishment of trust

question

Many children are growing up in _______ _______, with grandparents, aunts, uncles, other relatives, and foster parents acting as the primary caregivers

answer

nontraditional circumstances

question

______, which is the attachment to parents and other family caregivers, is of vital importance for infants

answer

Bonding

question

bonding of mother and child begins _______

answer

before birth

question

_______ contact is important because touch contributes to a baby's ability to thrive

answer

Skin-to_skin contact

question

Needs for the infant include:

answer

safety, holding, cuddling, feeding, stroking, and sucking ( breast-feeding, bottle, pacifier)

question

Family caregivers must assist the infants in the ____________

answer

establishment of a system of routines.

question

System of Routines includes:

answer

feeding, playtime, rest, and sleep, routines help infants establish feelings of trust because they know what to expect.

question

The cognitive abilities and motor skills of infants are directly linked to their:

answer

interactions with their familes

question

When babies are ___ weeks old, they begin to make purposeful movements and stop crying when picked up; they are beginning to expect that someone will comfort them.

answer

6 weeks old

question

As they become aware of their surroundings babies ____, _______, and ______

answer

smile, babble when spoken to, and follow lights within view.

question

Infant will probably sleep from ___ to ___ hours a day

answer

18 to 20

question

By 3 months babies can ____ and _____ articles

answer

reach for and grasp

question

Between __ and ___ months infants develop a social smile and respong to pleasurable interactions with expressions of happiness. their favorite sight is the human face

answer

2 and 3 months

question

Between ___ and ____ months , babies learn to sit with their support and begin to coo and babble.

answer

4 and 8 months

question

They shed tears, and are able to sleep all night and take ___ or ___ naps during the day

answer

2 or 3

question

The abilities to ______, _______, and ______ begin to emerge

answer

hold the head steady, recognize people, and hold their bottles

question

Babies of this age respond when called by name, can copy movements, and know the meaning of the world "no":

answer

9 to 12 months

question

By ___ months babies can usually pull up into a standing while holding onto something and can walk with both hands held

answer

10 months

question

At ___ year , most children can take a few steps alone, hold their botttles and drink out of cups without difficulty. they have strong pincer grasp, and pick up small objects, such as raisins, from the table. They say two or three words such as "baby" or "by-bye"

answer

1 year

question

at 1 year they distinguish between people they recognize and strangers, clinging to familiar persons and pulling away from strangers . Unfamiliar people, places, and events upset these babies and they resist. this is called :

answer

Stranger anxiety

question

Stranger anxiety usually starts at __ to ___ months the term most commonly refers to children before the ages 18 to 24 months

answer

6 to 7 months

question

Numerous Factors influence the development of stranger anxiety:

answer

1. Temperament 2. Past experiences with strangers 3. New enviroments 4. Presence of primary caregiver 5. Interaction of stranger 6. Numbers of caregivers 7. Age

question

________- some infants are generally more fearful or shy than others

answer

Temperament

question

_________________- Some infants do not want to be picked up by anyone other than their primary caregivers

answer

Past experiences with Strangers

question

________-Most infants become accustomed to routines and physical surroundings

answer

New enviroments

question

____________-Some infants tolerate the unknown better if the primary caregivers are present

answer

Presence of primary caregivers

question

____________-an infant can be sensitive to a stranger's verbal and non-verbal behaviors, such as having calm demeanor, smiling, or working, with the child when the child has a familiar toy

answer

Interaction of strangers

question

____________- If an infant is used to being cared for by a number of caregivers, rather than by a limited exposure to a few individuals, the infant is able to tolerate a wider circle of people, which he or she would consider normal.

answer

Numbers of Caregivers

question

____- As children begin to have cognitive develop. and are able to assert their own independence, they can discriminate mroe effectively between threatening and non-threatening enviroments

answer

Age

question

It is common for children to protest being with people other than their caregivers T/F

answer

true

question

Consider the factors of the child's circumstances and support the child by providing ___________,________, and __________

answer

familiar items such as a blanket or toy, having a caregiver present during treatment and exams, and adapting non-threatening body language and verbal tones.

question

Breast milk or instant formula offers a _______ nutrition in the first year.

answer

complete

question

most providers agree that solids should not be introduced into the diet before infants reach ____ months of age

answer

6 months

question

New foods should be added weekly so caregivers can quickly idetify food allergies and intolerances T/F

answer

True

question

No matter what age solids are added to the infants diet caregivers should avoid giving typically allergenic foods , such as dairy , citrus fruits, tomatoes, chocolate, wheat, seafood, and eggs until after age ____

answer

1 year

question

The _____ _______ is nurturing and pleasurable for infants

answer

feeding process

question

_______ ______ ______ is a serious dental condition that results when infants are placed in bed with a bottle or breast milk formula, or juice that is propped on a blanket, or towel. Erosion of tooth enamel, deep cavities, and tooth loss result from the prolonged contact of milk and juice sugars with emerging teeth

answer

Nursing Bottle mouth

question

______, the change from feeding infants exclusively breast milk or formula to incorporating a variety of sold foods, should begin when babies can sit upright on their own, support their own heads and neck , and grasp objects in their fingers and put them in their mouths.

answer

Weaning

question

Infants need to develop their _____ reflexes.

answer

Sucking

question

Sucking provides _______ and _______ ______ and _______

answer

comfort and relieves tension, and anxiety.

question

Thumb Sucking begins around ____ or ___ months

answer

3 or 4 months

question

_______is a difficult decision that many parents must consider. Various options are available:

answer

1. daycare centers 2. preschool learning centers 3. family daycare homes 4. daycare providers (nannies)

question

Many states require childcare providers to be ______ and to meet _________

answer

licensed and meet certain requirements

question

Factors for parents to consider when making the decision about daycare is:

answer

1.the ratio of daycare personnel to children. 2. cost is also a factor 3. safety is vital

question

The _____ phase encompasses approximately ages 1 to 3 years

answer

Toddler

question

Although _____ growth is not as rapid as in infancy, toddlers make especially significant progress in their motor skills, and their psychosocial and cognitive development.

answer

physical

question

The slowed physical growth of toddlers is reflected by the fact that between __ and __ years of age, children usually gain only 1.8 to 2.7kg (4-6lb) annually and grow only about 5.0 to 7.6cm ( 2-3in.) per year

answer

between 1 and 4 years

question

However toddlers make ____strides in their physical and motor skills

answer

Great

question

How many teeth do children by the age of 2 1/2 have?

answer

20

question

The psychosocial CHALLENGE for the toddler stage is?

answer

Autonomy (independence) vs. Shame and doubt

question

The VIRTUES of the toddler stage are?

answer

self control and will power, which evolve naturally as toddlers recieve consistent discipline.

question

How can family members foster the development of self control and willpower?

answer

allowing toddlers to make simple choices, thereby reinforcing independence. This process also enhances self pride and the beginning of a postive self esteem

question

Toddlers growth rate slows as well as what?

answer

social, physiologic, and psychological functions

question

By the age of 1 1/2 toddlers have a vocab of about how many words?

answer

20 to 30 words. Although they understand many more, as shown by their ability to follow directions

question

Toddlers play _____ to their playmates rather than with them. This _____ play continues until social skills develop further

answer

Next to; parallel

question

By ___ months of age, children begin to sense that they can control certain aspects of their enviroment

answer

18

question

What are some ways that they exert control to the fullest?

answer

1. They climb stairs without help but often crawl they run on level ground, seldom fall 2. pull along toys 3.they throw a ball to another person without falling 4.turn pages in a book two or three at a time 5.identify certain items in a book 6.indicate their own eyes, nose, ears

question

By age __, neuromuscular coordination increases

answer

2

question

Children can now put on and take off simple clothes, such as slip on shirts T/F?

answer

True

question

In typical 2 year olds the emotions are close to the surface--- either extremely _____ or very ____. Their favorite word is ___

answer

happy ; sad ; no

question

By age ___ toddlers begin to reach a stage of happy, conforming equilibrium. "no" changes to "yes"

answer

3

question

_____ _______ is a major developmental accomplishment and a learning process that requires patience and family encouragement

answer

Toilet Training

question

Toddlers are ready for toilet training when:

answer

1. They can sit on a toilet or potty without assistance 2. walk forward and backward 3. remove clothing with elastic bands 4. stay dry for at least 2 hours

question

Emotional readiness for toilet training usually occurs between?

answer

18 to 30 months

question

A child may be physically ready by 24 months but not psychologically ready till age 3 years. T/F?

answer

True

question

Family members need to to respond to accidents with re-teaching, not punishment T/F?

answer

True

question

During the ______ age children begin to explore more often and with greater recklessness.

answer

Toddler

question

_______ are the leading cause of death for children between the ages of 1 and 4 years.

answer

Accidents

question

__________ accidents top the list followed by drowning, burning, poisoning, and falling.

answer

Motor vehicle accidents

question

What are some ways to prevent a motor vehicle accident?

answer

1. Restrain child in a safety seat for all car trips 2. place a child in the back seat of the car, away from air bags 3. closely supervise the child outdoors 4.provide fenced in play areas 5. Teach child to never run into street

question

What are some ways prevent drowning accidents.

answer

1. Supervise the child near all water.---- bathtubs, toilets, pools, sinks, small basins and so forth. A small child can drown in a very small amount of water. 2. empty small pools after use. Fence in pools 3. Teach child not to run near bodies of water

question

What are some ways to prevent Fire and Burns accidents.

answer

1.Turn handles of pans toward the center of the stove. 2. keep child away from stoves, fire, matches, electrical cords, sockets and so forth 3. Set hot water temperature at 120-130 degrees F 4. test water temperature before immersion 5. use safety covers on electrical outlets.

question

What are some ways to prevent Fall accidents

answer

1. Gate stairways, teach child to hold railings. 2. open windows from top, use window guards 3. move furniture away from upstairs windows

question

What are some ways to prevent ingestion and aspiration.

answer

1. avoid feeding the child nuts, grapes, popcorn, raisins, hard candy, lollipops 2. childproof the home for coins, pins, balloons--- especially near the crib. 3. teach the child not to run with objects in the mouth and to not open things with teeth.

question

What are some ways to prevent poisoning?

answer

1. keep the child-proof caps on toxic products 2. store and lock all medications and vitamins, out of childrens reach 3. read labels carefully before using any drugs 4. have activated charcoal in the home 5. keep poison control center number on all phones 6. inspect homes you are visiting for safety hazards

question

Toddlers must know exactly what behaviors are _______ and what behaviors are ________

answer

expected ; unnacceptable

question

Such guidance enables toddlers to learn _______ from _______

answer

right from wrong

question

Most dental authorities agree that ______ ________ can cause damage, especially during the eruption of baby teeth.

answer

Thumb sucking

question

The long term factors of thumb sucking depend on what?

answer

frequency, duration, and intensity

question

What are some suggestions to help a child quit thumb sucking?

answer

1. substitute a pacifier for the thumb. pacifiers are softer and less damaging to the teeth. 2. try to redirect behavior into other activities 3. praise children when they avoid sucking the thumb fro a period of time. 4. Give these children a little extra attention; thumb sucking may reflect insecurely or loneliness

question

_______ may also be expressed by the child's attraction to a blanket or stuffed toy.

answer

Insecurity

question

the __________ is a familar term given to the temper tantrums that toddlers are apt to display during their second and third years( they are common for children between ages 18 months to 3 years)

answer

" terrible twos"

question

______ are outbursts of anger frustion

answer

Tantrums

question

During a tantrum toddlers may what?

answer

cry excessively, scream, throw themselves on the floor, hit, kick, bite, throw things, or hold their breath.

question

Tantrums are more common when children are what?

answer

hungry, tired, frustrated, or feeling neglected

question

Let families know that tantrums are not an effort to deliberately misbehave. They normally come from feelings of what?

answer

frustration at being unable to express feelings and at a lack of control over day to day decisions.

question

family caregivers should attempt to _______ tantrums at home.They should avoid giving into childresn demands.

answer

ignore

question

when children throw tantrums in public what should be done?

answer

they should be physically removed from the situation and alerted that such behavior is unacceptable.

question

Regular sleep restores ______,___________, and helps ______________.

answer

energy, heals the body, and helps to organize the thoughts of the day.

question

Most toddlers sleep ___ hours overnight and take naps during the day.

answer

12

question

bedtime rituals to relax a child include:

answer

dimming the lights, reading a story, or singing a song while rubbing a child's back gently. Warm milk helps promote relaxation and sleep because it contains the enzyme tyramine.

question

Some authorities believe that this "__________" prevents children from learning to fall asleep on their own and leads to children exerting control over adults.

answer

family bed

question

Other authorities promote the idea of family bed as _______ to the child

answer

comforting

question

Each family must resolve this dilemma for themselves according to what?

answer

the family caregiver's beliefs about childcare.

question

Like infants, _______ may also display signs of anxiety when confronted with strangersor seperated from the family.

answer

toddlers

question

When seperated from loved ones children may :

answer

cry, scream, lash out physically at others, and call for the missed person.

question

______ is a necessary component fof socialization and emotional development.

answer

seperation.

question

It is beneficial for the child to visit a _____________ with the caregivers a few days before the actual event.

answer

new place.

question

______ and _______ concerns dictate that children must be taught how to react when approached by people they do not know. Remember because a school ground, grocery store, or shopping center is a familar enviroment, children may feel safe when approached by someone they do not know.

answer

safety and security

question

the __________ stage is between the ages 3 to 6

answer

Preschool stage

question

Children assume greater responsibilty in their daily activities and exhibit more mature levels of interaction with others during what stage?

answer

Preschool stage

question

______ weigh about 13.6 to 15.6kg (30-35lbs) and are 76 to 91 cm(30-36in.) Although by age 3 they have achieved half of their eventual adult height, physical development shows.

answer

Preschoolers

question

These children in the preschool stage will probably gain less than ______ per year and about ______ annually

answer

2.7kg(6lb) per year and 7.6 cm(3in.)

question

the ________ functions as the primary relationship in the life of a preschooler

answer

Family Unit

question

Children become aware of ________ between males and females

answer

body differences

question

According to erikson the challenge for preschoolers is what?

answer

is to acquire initiative, the ability to take action without being told; otherwise a sense of guilt will prevail.

question

The virtues for the preschool stage is what?

answer

direction and purpose

question

______ _______ termed this stage the oedipal stage.

answer

Sigmund Freud

question

During this years, Children focus attention and interest on the parent of the opposite sex. they may feel competitive and jealous toward the same sex parent. T/F?

answer

True

question

Preschoolers generally try hard to _________________.

answer

do what is expected and try to be obedient and helpful.

question

They make up simple games by the age 3 T/F?

answer

true

question

Play differences b/w girls and boys may develop, what are some differences?

answer

girls may show a preference for quiet play, such as card games, dolls, and coloring. Boys prefer rough and loud games; they play with trucks, balls, hammers and other tools.

question

______ ______ become more refined by age 3

answer

motor skills

question

most children can now dress and undress almost completely , they can also manage ________

answer

large buttons and zippers,form objects with clay, and draw recognizable forms such as a square, or a person. they climb up stairs now alternating feet.

question

Preschoolers have a vocabulary of _______ words which 3 year olds use in incesstant talk.

answer

1,000 words

question

Three year olds have a desire to be independent and to do things on their own. T/F?

answer

True

question

Parental supervision is _______

answer

essential

question

by age __ preschoolers begin to look at a wider world

answer

4

question

4 year olds have a speaking vocab of _____ and probably count to ________. they can usually print their name and state their age and full name.

answer

2,000 words; 15 or 20

question

many families will find that preschoolers are comfortable with themselves and their relationships with others by age ____

answer

5

question

5 year olds know their _______ and __________

answer

full name and address

question

Some preschoolers who are used to being the only child in a family must handle the arrival of _________

answer

a new and younger sibling.

question

The preschooler who must welcome a new baby into the family may feel ____________

answer

jealous of the attention devoted to the new child and may begin to display regressive behavior (crawling instead of walking, soiling instead of using the potty etc.)

question

Reassurances of _______, amounts of attention that are appropriate to each child's stage and special needs, and encouragement of activities that involve the entire family help to diffuse sibling rivalry.

answer

love

question

Encourage families to understand that a preschooler's regressive or competitive behavior stems from conflicting emotionsand new stressors. T/F?

answer

True

question

preschoolers are exposed to more of the world. As their __________, __________, and ______ they may experience fears and frightening dreams

answer

thought processes, imaginations, and memories

question

Family members shiould try to ________ childern's exposure to threatening elements and images. Providing reassurances and discussing fears or nightmares can help ease children's worries and may provide clues to underlying causes of problems

answer

minimize

question

Children as young as ________ , who like to touch and to handle things , may find that touching certain parts of the body gives them pleasant sensations.

answer

1 year

question

________ is the term given to the handling and self-stimulation of the genital organs.

answer

Masturbation

question

_______, _________, or _______ children for masturbating may damage thier later sexual expression. Happy busy children are unlikely to seek frequent comfort in masturbation.

answer

Shaming, threatening, or punishing

question

________ or bed wetting, is more likely to occur in boys. In most cases, the underlying reason is physiologic or emotional immaturity.

answer

Enuresis

question

waking the child during the night or _______ _______ between the evening meal and bedtime sometimes helps.

answer

restricting fluids

question

children can also be taught to ________ __ ________ voluntarily during the daytime. This gradually distends the bladder, increasing the size and promoting retention

answer

withhold the urine

question

______ age children embark on a period of rapid learning, not only in the educational setting, but through increased encounters with people outside the family circle, and expanded awareness of the world around them.

answer

School aged children

question

as children approach age ___ children begin to lose thier deciduous teeth.

answer

6 years

question

__________ children gain about 2.3 to 3.2 kg ( 5-7lb) and grow about 6.4cm(2 1/2 in.) in a year until puberty( sexual maturity). When a child enters school a slow steady growth begins.

answer

school aged children

question

During the school years, the significant person for children changes from family to who?

answer

people from school or neighborhood, such as teachers, schoolmates, or best friends

question

School age years range from the age __ to ___

answer

6 to 10

question

The Challenge for the school age stage is what?

answer

the development of a sense of industry. Schol aged children need recognition for their accomplishments, such as school achievements, cooperative participation in groups that stress skill development.

question

The virtues the school aged child learns are?

answer

sense of belonging, and feelings of competence and self worth

question

Children become increasingly ______ during their school aged years.

answer

independent

question

Children learn that they must abide by rules not only at home but in _____________.

answer

school and other outside settings as well.

question

Encourage families to recognize that ___________ and ____________ are big steps forward

answer

self-development and reaching out from the family

question

By age ___ most kids can tell time and count to at least 40 or 50, typically they recognize the letters of the alphabet, numbers from 1 to 10 , and their own name

answer

6

question

at 7, they produce what?

answer

all language sounds, use simple logic, and grasp basics of mathematics.

question

_____ begin to occupy an important place in their lives

answer

Friends

question

between the ages of __ and ____ children begin to learn to write in cursive.

answer

8 and 10

question

By age ____ most chidren spend much of their time with friends, clubs, and groups

answer

9

question

At the completion of this stage, well- adjusted 10 year olds are _____ and _______, ___________ and __________

answer

friendly and realistic, accepting themselves and life as it comes.

question

during ____________, the competition among brothers and sisters, may lead to jealousy, trauma, verbal arguments, and some times physical fights.

answer

Sibling Rivalry

question

this rivalry is _______, brothers and sisters compete, whether as preschoolers or schoolchildren

answer

natural

question

The school aged child should have _______ in the home. These may include cleaning the bedroom, setting and clearing the table, washing dishes or walking the family pet.

answer

responsibility

question

A child's education regarding _______ begins at birth.

answer

sexuality

question

Family caregivers must realize the importance of being able to explain what?

answer

sexual issues and questions to their children outside the classroom.

question

Concepts of growth and development include:

answer

growth in an orderly sequence

question

The leading cause of death in toddlerhood is:

answer

motor vehicle accidents

Ch. 10 Infancy and Childhood – Flashcards

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