Ch 10.1 Early iDeas about Evolution – Flashcards

Changes in species over time. The process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.

A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring.

*1700 Swedish Botanist *Developed classification for all types of organisms based on their similarities. *Plant Hybridization- a crossing that he could observe through experiments with varieties or species of plants *Grouped living organisms into categories based on what they looked like.

*French Naturalist in 1749 Wrote Histoire Naturalle (Natural History) *Said earth was OLDER than 6000 years old * Proposed species SHARED ancestors instead of arising separately.

*1731- English doctor and poet * Darwin's Grandfather * Proposed all living things were descendants from a common ancestry and more complex forms of life came from less complex forms.

*1809- French naturalist * Thought that a giraffes long neck evolved from reaching high in trees. * "inheritance of acquired characteristics" * Proposed that changes in an environment caused an organisms behavior to change passing it on to offspring.

*Georges Cuvier / French Zoologist * Theory that states that natural disasters like FLOODS and VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS shaped earths landforms and caused EXTINCTION.

* James Hutton * Changes in landforms resulted from SLOW CHANGES over a LONG PERIOD of time. * Canyons carved by rivers * "moving or changing slowly"

* Charles Lyell * Wrote Principles of Geology That Darwin read on voyage * "Present is the key to the past" * Theory states that geologic processes that shape earth are uniform through time. * means "Always staying the same"

Traces of organisms that existed in the past.