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sociology , anthropology , economics and history study various aspects of human society and are therefore considered

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social sciences

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the body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called

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science

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The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as

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sociology

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an attempt to explain problems , actions , or behavior in a comprehensive manner is called a

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theory

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the words that max weber used to stress the need for sociologists to take into account peoples emotions , thoughts, beliefs, understandings and attitudes was

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verstehen

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functionalist perspective

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emphasizes the way in which the part of society are structured to maintain its stability

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conflict perspective

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assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups

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interactionist perspective

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it generalizes about everyday form of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole

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queer theory

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stresses that to fully understand society , scholars must study it from the perspective of a range of sexual identities

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marx and engels label the exploited workers the ______ and the wealthy owners the _________

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proletariat , bourgeoisie

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the division of an individuals identity into two or more social realities is known as ________ and is a term coined by W.E.B DuBois

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double consciousness

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which of the following was perhaps the first sociologist to successfully combine theory and research in his sociological work

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Robert Merton

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what does robert merton call someone who engages in deviant behavior in order to achieve socially approved goals

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innovators

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according to french sociologist Pierre Bourdieu , which of the following refers to non economic goods, such as family background and education, which are reflected in knowledge of language and the arts

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cultural capital

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what english sociologist wrote the first book on sociological research methods

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harriet martineau

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herbert spencer argued that social change would eventually happen on its own and oppose taking action for immediate change. for this reason spencer was accepted by

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the powerful

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weber used the term verstehen to analyze social behavior. He believed that to understand behavior we must look at how other people view and explain their own behavior from a ______ perspective

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subjective

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a hypothetical bureaucracy that represents all characteristics of a bureaucracy would be what weber called

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an ideal type

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A theory is not an absolute , final statement about human behavior ,why not

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as more information becomes available the theory will be modified to be more complex and more accurate

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durkheim was concerned about modern industrial societies having a detrimental effect on the individual due to social change and argued that ignorer to adapt to these changes , the individual should

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become a member of a group

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marx emphasized the ________ that influence an individual place in society

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group identifications and associations

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which theoretical perspective best help shed light on the tensions and problems society faces

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conflict

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The conflict perspective focuses on

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inequality and tension between groups

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karl marx view of society is best described as part of which of the following sociological perspectives

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conflict

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who wrote form the perspective of an african american woman and used her analysis of society as a means of combating oppression

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ida wells-barnett

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which of the following did queer theorist eve sedwick argue

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any analysis of society is incomplete if it does not include the spectrum of sexual identities

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an interactions sociologist would be likely to study

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behavior in small groups, how workers communicate on the job which soloist is widely considered to be the founder of the interactionist perspective

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which sociologist is widely considered to be the founder of the interactionist perspective

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George herbert mead

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comparing everyday life to theater and stage, the dramaturgical approach to sociology was made popular by

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erving goffman

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Though sociologists draw on all approaches for various purposes , they do tent to favor one particular perspective over others. which of the following statements about tendency is true?

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it can skew results to four on one view and not provide the full view

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which of the following would best describe manifest function of education

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providing knowledge to students

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which of the following are examples of something clinical sociologists might do

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family therapy , reorganize a medical center

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marx argued that the domination on owners over workers was maintained by

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the economic , political, and social relationships in a capitalist society

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charles horton cooley studied society from a sociological perpective but focused on

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family and other small groups

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robert merton contributed to the study of sociology combined

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theory and research

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according to merton, ______ use illegal or deviant means of obtaining the accepted goal of achieving material wealth

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innovators

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herrlet martineau contributed to the study of sociology by translating the writings of which early french philosopher of sociology into English

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auguste comte

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which of the following early thinkers advocated letting the weak perish so the strong would survive

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herbert spencer

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Durkheim believed that the growing division of labor in industrial societies caused laborers to become more specialized in their , leading to loss of direction he called

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anomie

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marx view of society describes social institutions as a means of

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maintaining the privileges of some groups

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herbert mead studied social issues form the integrationists point of view , thereby gathering his information from

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small groups

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individuals who feel a loss of direction when social control has become ineffective experience a state of what durkheim called

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anomie

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microsociology

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small group of people

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macrosociology

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large group of people

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A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one's own society

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as a outsider

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C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce

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is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern.

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sociology is considered a science because sociologists

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engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding

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Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, common sense conclusions are

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not always reliable

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Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he

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developed conclusions based on systematic examination of data.

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In The Communist Manifesto, Marx argued that the working class must

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overthrow the existing class system of capitalist societies.

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A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level. This sociologist is employing

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verstehen

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A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, are an example of a(n)

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ideal type

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A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the U.S., and France is an example of

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macrosociology.

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A sociologist studies drug-use patterns among small groups of college students in a Midwestern college. This would be an example of

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microsociology.

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Which of the following would be an example of social capital?

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powerful family political connections

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Which of the following could be a manifest function of colleges?

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They prepare students for post-college careers.

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A sociologist who studies the unequal economic reality between men and women would probably be following which of the these perspectives?

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conflict

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Which sociological approach would view sports as an agent for defining people's social positions as players, coaches, and referees as a result of their performances and reputations?

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interactionist perspective

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Which sociological perspective would suggest that sports participants may work together harmoniously and abandon previously held stereotypes and prejudices despite class, racial, and religious differences?

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interactionist perspective

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George Herbert Mead served on committees dealing with Chicago's labor problems and public education. These activities are examples of

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applied sociology.

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he fact that the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the U.S. led to an economic decline throughout the world is an example of

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globalization

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What is considered to be the major theme of analysis in sociology today?

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social inequality

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________ is the occupation in which the largest percentage of undergraduate sociology majors find employment.

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social services

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The use of the discipline of sociology with the specific intent of altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions is called

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clinical sociology.

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