Business Driven Information Systems Appendix B – Flashcards
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Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
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A large computer network usually spanning a city
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Networks Include 4 things
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Protocol Network Interface Card (NIC) Cable Hub (Switch or router)
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Protocol
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a set of communications rules to make sure that everyone speaks the same language / A standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission.
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Network Interface Care (NIC)
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Card that plugs into the back (or side) of your computers and lets them send and receive messages from other computers
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Cable
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The medium to connect all of the computers
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HUB (Switch or router)
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Hardware to perform traffic control
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Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network
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A computer network that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than a centralized server.
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Client
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A computer designed to request information from a server
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Server
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a computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests
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Client/Server network
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a model from applications in which the bulk of the back-end processing, such as performing a physical search of a database , takes place on a server, while the front-end processing, which involves communicating with the users, is handled by the clients.
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Network Operating System (NOS)
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The operating systems that runs a network, steering information between computers and managing security and users.
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Packet-Switching
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Occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units of data called packets, each of which contains the address of the destination computer.
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Router
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an intelligent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination.
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Network Topology
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refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network.
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Interoperability
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is the capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers.
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Ethernet
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A physical and data layer technology for LAN networking
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Why Ethernet is the one of the most popular LAN Technologies
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>Is easy to implement, manage, and maintain >Allows low-cost network implementations >Provides extensive flexibility for network installation >Guarantees interoperability of standards-complaint products, regardless of manufacturer
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Transmission control protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
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Provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks.
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TCP
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provides transport functions, ensuring, among other things, that the amount of data received is the same as the amount transmitted
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IP
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Provides the dressing and routing mechanism that acts as a postmaster
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TCP/IP four-layer reference model
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>Application Layer >Transport Layer >Internet Layer >Network Interface Layer
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Application Layer
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Servers as the window for users and application processes to access network services
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Transport Layer
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Handles end-to-end packet transportation
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Internet Layer
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Formats the data into packets, adds a header containing the packet sequence and the address not the receiving device, and specifies the services required from the network.
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Network Interface Layer
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Places data packets on the network for transmission
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Internet protocol version 6 (IPV6)
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is the next - generation protocol designed to replace the current version internet protocol, IP version 4.
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Network Transmission Media
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refers to the various types of media used to carry the signal between computers.
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Wire Media
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Transmission material manufactured so that signals will be confined to a narrow path and will behave predictably.
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Twisted - Pair Cable
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refers to a type of cable composed of four (or more) copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath .
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Coaxial Cable
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is a cable that can carry a wide range of frequencies with low signal loss
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Fiber-Optic Cable
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Fiber Optic (or Optical Fiber) refers to the technology associated with the transition of information as light impulses along a glass wire or fiber. v
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Wireless Media
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are natural parts of the Earths environment that can be used as physical paths to carry electrical signals.
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