Business and technical writing – Flashcards
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Ambiguous
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More than one interpretation is possible; describes writing that can mean different things to different people
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Academic writing
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the expository and persuasive writing done in academic circles; examples include persona essays, research papers, analyses, and arguments
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Expository writing
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writing to explain or inform
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Expressive writing
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writing to express or portray personal observation or feeling.
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Field Research
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research done in the field especially through surveys and interviews
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inferences
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Making judgements about reading that the author does not make for you.
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Jargon
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The highly specialized language of a particular discipline or technical field.
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Literary writing
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writing such as novels, short stories, drama, and poetry created as an art form.
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Imaginative writing
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Writing such as novels, short stories, drama and poetry whose situations grow out of fantasy or imagination; events and people are fictional although the themes may reveal universal truths
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Persuasive writing
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writing to convince others
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Rights-based Ethics
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acts assume that human being s have certain rights that cannot be taken away
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Rule-based ethics
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acts are judged against the rules of the group
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Style
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the way an author used words and sentences.
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Syntax
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The order of words in a sentence
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Technical writing
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Writing done in the workplace; subject is usually technical, written carefully for a specific audience; organization is predictable and apparent; style is concise; tone is objective and businesslike, and special features include visual elements
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Tone
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emotional overtones; the way words make readers feel
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Utilitarian
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useful in a practical way
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Utility-based ethics
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acts are judged by what is best for the general good of a group.
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Accomodate
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To adjust; to change circumstances so that others will like a situation better
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Culture
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The special beliefs, customs, or manners that are specific to a particular group of people or a particular region
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Select Audience
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A single person or group whose point of view is the singular and the same
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Multiple Audience
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An audience that includes more than one person or group whose point of view is singular; An audience that includes readers whose points of view differ
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Document
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A handwritten or typed paper
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Format
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The layout of a publication, Standard elements of a document's presentation
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Hierarchy
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People in an organization arranged by rank, authority, or ability
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(Chapter 3) Hook
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An attention-getter; words or sentences designed to engage the reader
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Internal Audience
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A receiver inside the sender's organization
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Memo/Memorandum
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A brief, written internal communication
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Block Style
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Letter style that aligns the return address, dateline, and closing flush with the left margin
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Buffer
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In letters, something positive said to protect a reader from bad news to come
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Buyer Involvement
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How much a consumer cares personally about a purchase; affects how much research a buyer will conduct after purchasing something.
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Goodwill
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The feeling of friendship, doing good things that create mutual admiration and respect.
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(Chapter 4) Hook
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Attention-getter designed to create interest in an idea
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Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
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Division of human needs into basic needs (physiological, safety and belonging) and higher-order needs (esteem, and self-actualization)
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Modified block style
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Letter style that places the return address,dateline, and closing on right side of page
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Motivate
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Encourage someone to take action
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Sell
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Convince someone to buy or donate something
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Sociological Influences
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Social factors- such as culture, family, and class- that cause buyers to purchase certain goods, and services
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Testimonial
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A personal story or a person's statement (often someone famous) endorsing a product or service
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Chronological Resume
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A traditional resume that provides a history of employment and education in reverse chronological order
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Letter Of Application
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a letter accompanying the resume; Highlights major qualifications for the job
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Follow-up letter
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a letter thanking a prospective employer for an interview
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Functional Resume
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a non-traditional resume organized according to most important function or skill for the job
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Parallel Structure
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repeating the same grammatical structure of a phrase or sentence
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Priority Order
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Organized from most important to least important
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Resume
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a one or two page summary of job qualifications; used elements of page design to highlight the most impressive qualifications
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Reverse Chronological Order
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Going backwards through time
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Adrenaline
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a stimulant, something that excites and creates extra energy
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Auditory
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Relating to the sense of hearing or perceived through the sense of hearing
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Feedback
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Verbal and nonverbal response to a communication process or product
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Rhetorical Question
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A question designed to provoke thought, a question for which the speaker expects no answer
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Stage Fright
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Anxiety or fear experienced when a person speaks to or performs for an audience
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Embargo
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to prohibit or to request that a story not be published
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exaggerations
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overstatements or additions beyond the truth
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(chapter 7) hook
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In a news story, an opening element whose purpose is to engage the reader, grab attention and lead into the subject
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Media
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a system of means of mass communication, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines
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PSA
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Public Service Announcement, news published for the benefit of the public or public agencies
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Public Relations
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Plans or actions taken by an individual or an organization to create a favorable relationship with the public; the staff responsible for creating an advantageous relationship with the public
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Tagline
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Feature of a press release or a news story that identifies the location of a story
