Biology of Humans "The Evolution of Animals" – Flashcards
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According to this phylogenetic tree, annelids are most closely related to _____.
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arthropods
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According to this phylogenetic tree, the clade that includes echinoderms and chordates is most closely related to the clade that includes _____.
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molluscs
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According to this phylogenetic tree, cnidarians are most closely related to _____.
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platyhelminths
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According to this phylogenetic tree, chordates are most closely related to _____.
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echinoderms
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Cnidarians are in the _____ clade.
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radiata
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Echinoderms are _____.
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deuterostomes
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Molluscs are _____.
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protostomes
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Why are annelids, arthropods, and mollusks placed in the same clade?
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They are protostomes.
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Roundworms are classified in the phylum _____.
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Nematoda
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At the phylum level, you are most closely related to a(n) _____.
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sea star
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Which of these statements is true of sponges?
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They have no true tissues.
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Which of these statements is true of cnidarians?
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They have a nerve net.
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Which of these statements is true of nematodes?
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They have a digestive system with two openings.
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Nematodes are most closely related to _____.
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rotifers
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Earthworms are in the phylum _____.
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Annelida
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Which of these statements is true of earthworms?
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They have a body cavity.
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Snails are classified in the phylum _____.
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Mollusca
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Which of these characteristics is common to both snails and earthworms?
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an alimentary system with two openings
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Grasshoppers respire via _____.
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spiracles and tracheae
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Grasshoppers are classified in the phylum _____.
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Arthropoda
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Humans are _______.
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Homo sapiens
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Which of these is a characteristic of sea stars?
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tube feet
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Which of these characteristics is shared by both dogs and sea stars?
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an endoskeleton
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Dogs are classified in the phylum _____.
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Chordata
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This phylogenetic tree indicates that mammals are most closely related to _____.
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reptiles
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According to this phylogenetic tree, the animals most closely related to reptiles and mammals are _____.
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amphibians
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Which one of these chordate groups lacks a post-anal tail and a notochord as adults?
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tunicates
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The common ancestor of all these chordate groups EXCEPT the _____ probably had paired appendages.
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lampreys
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Which of these is the only chordate group that has hair?
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mammals
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Which of these primate groups is most closely related to hominids?
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apes
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_____ are the oldest known primate group.
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Prosimians
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The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____.
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hominids
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Which of these anthropoid groups consists of primates who are mostly tree dwellers and whose forelimbs and hind limbs are about equal in length?
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monkeys
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Which of these primate groups lives in trees in Central and South America and have nostrils that are wide open and far apart?
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New World monkeys
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As adults, sea stars _____.
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exhibit radial symmetry
