Biology Chapter 9 Study Guide – Flashcards
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Calorie
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Measure of heat energy in food; equivalent to 1000 calories
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Aerobic
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Process that requires oxygen
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Anaerobic
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Process that doesn't require oxgen
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Glycolysis
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First set of reactions in a celular respiration in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
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Krebs Cycle
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Second set of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting reactions.
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Fermentation
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Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen.
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Name three phases of cellular respiration.
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1. Glycolysis 2. Krebs Cycle 3. Electron Transport Chain
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In cellular respiration what causes energy to be released?
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Chemical bonds are broken.
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In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?
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Mitochondria
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List 2 things that cellular respiration needs.
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1. Carbohydrates 2. Oxygen
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List 3 things cellular respiration produces.
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1. Water 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Energy
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Write out the cellular respiration equation. Write it first in chemical formula and word form.
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6O2+C6H12O6-->6CO2+6H2O+Energy Oxygen+Carbohydrates-->Carbon Dioxide+Water+Energy
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At the end of the kreb cycle, how many ATP's are produced?
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2
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Glycolysis literally means what?
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Sugar breaking
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In glycolysis there is a transformation of 2 compounds, what are they? (Not sure about this one)
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Pryuvic Acid and Glucose
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What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic?
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Aerobic requires oxygen and anaerobic doesn't.
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In the Krebs cycle. pyruvic acid molecules are broken down into what?
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Carbon Dioxide
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The Krebs cycle produces four types of products. Name those four products.
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1. NADH 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. 2 ATP Molecules 4. 4 Carbon Molecules
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At the end of the Electron transport phase of cellular respiration how many ATP's are produced?
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3
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Explain electron transport phase of cellular respiration.
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Uses high energy electrons from glycolysis and krebs cycle to convert ADP to ATP.
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List the two types of fermentation and write their equations below.
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Alcoholic- Pyruvic acid+NADH-->Alcohol+CO2+NAD+ Lactic Acid Fermentation- Pyruvic Acid+NADH-->Lactic Acid+NAD+
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In glycolysis, glucose is transformed into 2 molecules of what?
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Pyruvic Acid
