Biology Chapter 18 Booth – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Finches have lived in Hawaii for:
answer
4 million years
question
Which of the following has not played a part in the extinction of honeycreepers in Hawaii?
answer
Depletion of the ozone.
question
The reason that the various Hawaiian honeycreepers are vulnerable to extincttion is
answer
All the above (habitats, warming, humans, new predators)
question
Which of the following is a character in phylogeny?
answer
All of these (Digits, DNA sequence, amino acid sequence, petals)
question
Birds are thought to have evolved from dinosaurs. In considering birds and comparing them to dinosaurs, which of the following would be a derived trait?
answer
toothless
question
Using hair a s the derived trait, which does not fit the clade?
answer
crocodile
question
Which of the following does not belong in the class Reptilia?
answer
All of these belong (Turtle, snakes, birds, lizards)
question
A monophyletic group has how many ancestors?
answer
One
question
Which of the following is not true of the cladistics?
answer
It is a precise science.
question
Which of the following is the sister group to human?
answer
Mouse
question
___ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.
answer
Comparative morphology
question
The five-toed limb of stem reptiles became modified into a limb ___ in vertebrates that followed.
answer
With all of these (high speed, digging, swimming, opposable thumb)
question
Which of the following are considered more primitive based upon the structure of their limbs.
answer
Reptiles
question
The bones on the forelimbs of a mammal
answer
can often be traced to common ancestor.
question
For the clade of winged organism, which of the following would be conceded the out group?
answer
Insect.
question
Vertebrate forelimbs do not show homology for the following:
answer
For all these (bone structure, blood vessel pattern, nerve pattern, muscle pattern)
question
The convergence in external morphology of sharks, penguins, and porpoises is attributed to:
answer
Identical genes in all three groups
question
Which of the following serve as examples of morphological convergence?
answer
Sharks, penguins and porpoises.
question
Similar body parts are not always homologous. The may have evolved independently in separate lineages as adaptations to the same:
answer
environmental pressures.
question
___ is the study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms.
answer
Comparative morphology
question
Which of the following are true statements regarding the used of DNA in evolutionary comparisons?
answer
All these are true (Mixed lineage, Mutations in DNA, Mutations occur randomly, Most mutations are neutral)
question
Some genes encoding protein that are essential to the survival of the organisms are called highly conserved sequences. Which of the following is an example of one of these proteins:
answer
Cytochrome b
question
A gene accumulates one mutation every 100 years. If one species slips into 2 now, how many differences will exist in that genes between the two in 500 years?
answer
10
question
Which of the following is not true of mitochondria?
answer
They undergo recombination during fertilization.
question
Which of the following gene mutation is least likely to impact the protein?
answer
A conservative substitution
question
All of the following statements about master genes are true except:
answer
They are highly variable in their sequences between species.
question
A mutation in the Apetala 1 gene, in Brassica oleracea plants (wild cabbage), results in mutated flowers that,
answer
have multiple male parts.
question
Body appendages as divers as crab legs, beetle legs, sea star arms, butterfly wings, fish fish, and mouse feet start out as:
answer
clusters of cells in the limb buds.
question
The Dlx gene encodes a transcription factor that signals clusters of embryonic cells to ___ and give rise to an appendage.
answer
Protrude from the body
question
The master gene Hox helps to sculpt the body plan of embryos by
answer
embryonic development
question
The skull of the chimpanzee and human are most closely related
answer
as infants
question
The study of comparative embryology reveals the conservative nature of the genes responsible for
answer
embryonic development
question
The influenza virus can infect
answer
humans, pigs, and birds
question
Which of the following is NOT true of the poouli?
answer
It is morphologically distinct form others in its group.
question
Which of the following is NOT true of the H5N1 virus?
answer
It cannot infect birds
question
Phylogeny can be used for:
answer
All of these (Medical, Cladistics, Wildlife management)
question
Phylogeny research may include:
answer
All of these (genetics, anatomical, behavioral, psychological)
