Biology 15 Chapter 10 – Flashcards
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One type of virus that infects bacteria is called an?
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Phage
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When a T2 bacteriophage infects an Escherichia coli cell, which part of the phage enters the bacterial cytoplasm?
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Only the DNA
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The monomers of DNA and RNA are
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Nucleotides
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Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false?
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DNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil.
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Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false?
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RNA uses the sugar dextrose.
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How would the shape of a DNA molecule change if adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine?
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The DNA molecule would have irregular widths along its length.
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Which of the following statements regarding the structure of DNA is false?
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The sequence of nucleotides along the length of a single DNA strand is restricted by the base pairing rules.
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Which of the following statements regarding a DNA double helix is true?
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The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.
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When one DNA molecule is copied to make two DNA molecules, the new DNA contains
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50% of the parent DNA
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Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells serve to
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shorten the time necessary for DNA replication
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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand?
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DNA polymerase
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Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5' to 3' direction?
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because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing molecule.
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Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?
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DNA --> RNA --> protein
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We would expect that a 15 - nucleotide sequence that includes a stop codon at the end (as a part of the 15 - nucleotide sequence) will direct the production of a polypeptide that consists of
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Four amino acids.
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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA?
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RNA polymerase
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Which of the following occurs when RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter DNA?
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initiation of a new RNA molecule.
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Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells?
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In the cytoplasm.
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Which of the following statements about Eukaryotic RNA is true?
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Exons are spliced together
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Which of the following takes place during translation?
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The conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins.
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Keep
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Studying
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Considering only the steps that take place during translations, which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur?
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DNA template
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Which of the following statements about ribosomes is false?
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The ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are exactly the same in structure and fund
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Which of the following statements regarding the flow of genetic information is false?
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Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Which of the following statements characterizes the lytic cycle of a viral infection?
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The cycle typically leads to the lysis of the host cell.
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What kind of virus is HIV?
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a retrovirus
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Which of the following enzymes does HIV use to synthesize DNA on a RNA template?
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reverse transcriptase.
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HIV does the greatest damage to
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White blood cells.
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Which of the following human activities has contributed to an increase in the number if bacteria having R plasmids?
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Heavy use of antibiotics in medicine and in agriculture.
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A eukaryotic cell has a nuclear envelope that allows tRNA molecules, but not mRNA molecules, to leave the nucleus. Which of the following processes will not be able to take place in this cell?
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tRNAs binding to codons.
