Biochemistry- Micronutrients & Macronutrients – Flashcards
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Micronutrients definition
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required in very small quantities and mainly function as cofactors of enzymes
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Micronutrients examples
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vitamins and trace minerals such as iron, copper and zinc
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Macronutrients definition
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required in relatively large quantities
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Macronutrients examples
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proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and minerals such as sodium, potassium and calcium
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Water soluble vitamins
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B and C
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Fat soluble vitamins
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A, D, E, K
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Deficient in iron
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anemia
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Deficient in iodine
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goitre
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Deficient in vitamin A
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xerophthalmia
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Deficient in vitamin B3
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pellagra
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Deficient in vitamin B1
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beriberi
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Deficient in vitamin C
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scurvy
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Deficient in vitamin D
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rickets
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Causes of malnutrition
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are related to the availability of different foods to the local population
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Solutions to malnutrition
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adding nutrients missing in commonly consumed foods and providing nutritional supplements
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What is rickets?
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bone malformation
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What is goitre?
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swollen thyroid gland
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What is xerophthalmia?
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night blindness
